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  • Author Author: KalebTheMaker
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Solar Battery Bank Monitor Project

KalebTheMaker

Hi all,

I'm Starting another project here. I would like to be able to monitor the state of each of my batteries. They are Kilovault HLX 3600's and I have 12 of them. There are three banks of four in series/parallel. Each battery has Bluetooth, and I can access all the data I would ever want via Bluetooth. But I have to log into each one of them from my phone while being in Bluetooth range. 

The problem:

I need to be able to tell if the batteries are out of balance or not. That is the main thing. It would be really nice to be able to see the State of Charge for each battery, and even cooler to be able to see the SOC and voltage of each cell in the battery. Also nice to see charge and discharge amps. 

The best-case scenario would to be able to collect that data in real-time and store it in a time-series database. An acceptable case would be monitoring the voltage on each battery with some external system and collecting that into a time-series database. 

I have attempted to sniff the Bluetooth traffic, but I'm really not sure what I am doing right or wrong, it's almost like I can't see any traffic. I picked up the Bluefruit LE sniffer from Adafruit and had Wireshark collect data, but I didn't see any packets that I expected to see from some of the BT sniffing examples I could find. Maybe it's not LE? I'm not sure. What I was hoping to be able to do is send a BTLE signal and have it spill its guts, collect that data and put it in the TSD. After a day and a half of mucking with that, I had zero success. 

Another option would be the CANBUS connections on the batteries. There is no documentation from Kilovault on the protocol or anything. I connected the battery to a CANBUS transceiver that was connected to an Arduino, and setup it up from an example to show me any packets. The first time I did this, I saw something, but now when I do it, I don't see anything at all. There is a scenario where I could connect the batteries via CANBUS to my Victron system and it could pull all of the data, but the battery vendor will not tell me anything about the CANBUS capabilities or how to set that up. If I could figure that one out, there would be a TON of people who have similar setup's to mine that would use it. 

Does anyone have any experience with Bluetooth sniffing, or CANBUS that could help point me in the right direction?

The last scenario would be using a voltage divider and measuring the voltage on each battery from an analog pin on a microcontroller. That at least would tell me (in a resting state) if any of the batteries are out of balance or not. I could use a table to give me a *very* rough estimate of the state of charge based on the voltage. Currently, this seems the most likely path because of the lack of success with BTLE and CANBUS. 

Any thoughts on this last scenario? I'm just thinking of a couple of resistors (7.5k/30k) in a voltage divider, then read that via an analog pin on an ESP32 or something. 

Thanks,

-KalebTheMaker

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  • Hi Kaleb

    Looks like the Kilovault BMS uses a WeBee BT B-0002 TI CC2541 Bluetooth UART module ?

    imageimage

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    You might be able to sniff the comms on the input to the module.

  • in reply to beacon_dave

    Hey Dave!

    Well, that would explain why my BTLE sniffer didn't work! Looks like Bluetooth 4.0. I could try to find some info about sniffing that. 

    I kinda need the warranty on these batteries, they are supposed to last 10ish years, and have a 7 year warranty. Im sure if I soldered something on there it would void it. hah

  • in reply to KalebTheMaker

    You could use a scope probe instead of a soldering iron to sniff the wired side of the module.

    Kilovault have a YouTube video showing a user how to replace the BMS board in the battery, so I guess you could order up a spare BMS board to experiment with (and then even multiple boards if you finally want a wired set up, although CANBUS would possibly  be the better option there).

    The replacement board apparently doesn't have firmware installed so not sure if this means it is a third party board which they have dropped custom firmware onto to work with their mobile app. If you can identify the board, then you might find more documentation elsewhere.

    Given that there is Bluetooth app, then that allows you to press one button at a time and see what changes in the data at the UART module and what appears on the display readout to start documenting the protocol being used. Once you have the basic protocol worked out, then perhaps start looking at using it with the CANBUS interface.

    In the meantime, there is some documentation on the WeBee module here which may help:
    https://h-2technik.com/online/webee/Bluetooth/B-002/B-002S.pdf

  • in reply to KalebTheMaker

    Perhaps the BMS 'firmware install' is just really configuring the Bluetooth UART module. 

    In which case, may be able to toggle the UART into transparent link mode on the battery BMS board and pair it with another WeBee UART module. This would allow you to connect WeBee modules to a separate microcontroller with the option of then getting it into the Victron via a separate CANBUS module on your own terms.

  • in reply to beacon_dave

    Interesting, I looked at the docs that you sent and it looks primarily UART. There is also an android app for this module, and I wonder if it would connect. Im charging up my android tablet now to sideload it and see what it gives me. 

    I think if the CANBUS option could be figured out, it would benefit a lot of people. Kilovault is known in the community for being extremely tight with documentation, and there are a ton of people who have no integration like I do. 

    The *funny* part of that, is when I was negotiating with AltEStore, my sales rep promised me that the integration would work. 

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  • in reply to beacon_dave

    Interesting, I looked at the docs that you sent and it looks primarily UART. There is also an android app for this module, and I wonder if it would connect. Im charging up my android tablet now to sideload it and see what it gives me. 

    I think if the CANBUS option could be figured out, it would benefit a lot of people. Kilovault is known in the community for being extremely tight with documentation, and there are a ton of people who have no integration like I do. 

    The *funny* part of that, is when I was negotiating with AltEStore, my sales rep promised me that the integration would work. 

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