Alternative Energy Solutions - Solar Tracking System

Matt — Sun, 04 Sep 2011 00:19:29 GMT

Current Revision posted to Documents by Matt on 9/4/2011 12:19:29 AM

Alternative Energy Solutions - Solar Tracking System

In order to maintain a highest rate of the reception of sunlight, it is necessary to introduce a solar tracking system into a solar power generation system.

There are three common methods that can be used to implement a solar tracking system, i.e. time-based control method, sunlight intensity comparison method and the space-time synchronization method. Time-based control method works with a simple principle. However there are difficulties that lie in the setup job of the system and the control accuracy is not good enough. Sunlight intensity comparison method features high accuracy, simple circuit and easy implementation, but doesn’t perform well in cloudy and gloomy days. Space-time synchronization method has a high control precision and excellent adaptability, but needs a complicated software system to support the hardware. Therefore the control methods should be selected according to the practical requirements.

According to the mechanisms used to change the facing direction of solar panel, solar tracking systems can be divided into single-axis and dual-axis systems. Single-axis solar tracking system can only track the sunlight by rotating around a fixed horizontal axis, while dual-axis solar tracking system can rotate about two axes, i.e. X and Y axes to ensure the sunlight always hits solar panel vertically.

Dual-axis solar tracking system is composed of photoelectric sensors, wind speed sensors, sunlight intensity sensors (photo sensitive resistors), signal processing circuit (comparators, amplifiers and ADCs), microcontroller, optocouplers, motor drivers and stepper motors, keyboard, LCD display, memory, and power management. Photoelectric sensors monitor if the sunlight is vertically hitting solar panel.

Wind speed sensors are used to detect wind speed. When wind speed is greater than the preset value, the system will carry out a protection mechanism. Sunlight intensity sensors detect the change of sunlight intensity, so that the system can determine which control method should be used for current weather conditions or season.

Microcontroller is the system’s core device used to process input signals, implement control algorithms and give control instructions. Keyboard is used to control the system manually and configure system parameters. LCD display shows the information such as system parameters and running status. Stepper motors drive solar panel to always face the sun straightly. To achieve the task of system control, a PLC or a MCU/DSC can be used in the system design.

Visit >

ANALOG DEVICES	ADC	Understanding PulSAR ADC Support Circuitry	AN-931		Click here
ANALOG DEVICES	ADC	AD7997/AD7998 Evaluation Software			Click here
ANALOG DEVICES	ADC	AD7993/AD7994 Evaluation Software			Click here
AVAGO TECHNOLOGIES	Photocoupler	AN 5315: “Soft” Turn-Off Feature. Products with Feature: ACPL-333J-000EACPL-333J-000E, ACPL-330J, ACPL-332J, ACPL-331J, HCPL-316J	AN 5315		Click here
AVAGO TECHNOLOGIES	Photocoupler	AN 5336: Gate Drive Optocoupler Basic Design for IGBT / MOSFETApplicable to All Gate Drive Optocouplers	AN 5336		Click here
AVAGO TECHNOLOGIES	Photocoupler	AN 5476; Recommended Soldering Profile for Lead-Free Plastic Optocouplers and Solid State Relays	AN 5476		Click here
AVAGO TECHNOLOGIES	Photocoupler	Isolation Product Solutions for Commercial and Industrial Applications			Click here
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FREESCALE SEMICONDUCTOR	MCU	Internal Clock Source (ICS) Module on the HCS08s in Depth	AN3041	HCS08	Click here
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FREESCALE SEMICONDUCTOR	MCU	Implement an In-Application-Programmable Data-Storage on the MC9RS08KA8 System Configuration and Sensor Calibration	AN3741	MC9RS08KA8	Click here
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MICROCHIP	MCU	Emulating Data EEPROM for PIC18 and PIC24 MCUs and dsPIC DSCs	AN1095	PIC18	Click here
MICROCHIP	MCU	A Serial Bootloader for PIC24F Devices	AN1157	PIC24F	Click here
MICROCHIP	MCU	Bootloader for dsPIC30F/33F and PIC24F/24H Devices	AN1094	PIC24F	Click here
MICROCHIP	DSC	Brushless DC Motor Fundamentals	AN885		Click here
MICROCHIP	DSC	Sensored BLDC Motor Control Using dsPIC30F2010	AN957	dsPIC30F2010	Click here
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MICROCHIP	DSC	Sinusoidal Control of PMSM Motors with dsPIC30F DSC	AN1017	dsPIC30F	Click here
MICROCHIP	DSC	Sensorless Field Oriented Control of PMSM Motors using dsPIC30F or dsPIC33F	AN1078	dsPIC33F	Click here
MICROCHIP	DSC	Sensorless BLDC Control with Back-EMF Filtering	AN1083		Click here
MICROCHIP	DSC	Sensorless Field Oriented Control (FOC) of an AC Induction Motor	AN1162A		Click here
MICROCHIP	MCU	Compiled Tips 'N Tricks Guide		PIC16	Click here
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Alternative Energy Solutions - Solar Tracking System

Former Member — Sun, 04 Sep 2011 00:19:29 GMT

Revision 1 posted to Documents by Former Member on 9/4/2011 12:19:29 AM

Alternative Energy Solutions - Solar Tracking System

In order to maintain a highest rate of the reception of sunlight, it is necessary to introduce a solar tracking system into a solar power generation system.

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Visit >

ANALOG DEVICES	ADC	Understanding PulSAR ADC Support Circuitry	AN-931		Click here
ANALOG DEVICES	ADC	AD7997/AD7998 Evaluation Software			Click here
ANALOG DEVICES	ADC	AD7993/AD7994 Evaluation Software			Click here
AVAGO TECHNOLOGIES	Photocoupler	AN 5315: “Soft” Turn-Off Feature. Products with Feature: ACPL-333J-000EACPL-333J-000E, ACPL-330J, ACPL-332J, ACPL-331J, HCPL-316J	AN 5315		Click here
AVAGO TECHNOLOGIES	Photocoupler	AN 5336: Gate Drive Optocoupler Basic Design for IGBT / MOSFETApplicable to All Gate Drive Optocouplers	AN 5336		Click here
AVAGO TECHNOLOGIES	Photocoupler	AN 5476; Recommended Soldering Profile for Lead-Free Plastic Optocouplers and Solid State Relays	AN 5476		Click here
AVAGO TECHNOLOGIES	Photocoupler	Isolation Product Solutions for Commercial and Industrial Applications			Click here
AVAGO TECHNOLOGIES	Photocoupler	Avago Technologies Optoisolation and Optical Sensor Products Selection Catalog			Click here
FREESCALE SEMICONDUCTOR		Solar Maximum Power Point Tracking and Solar Inverter Solutions with Freescale DSCs			Click here
FREESCALE SEMICONDUCTOR	MCU	M68HC08 to HCS08 Transition	AN2717	HCS08	Click here
FREESCALE SEMICONDUCTOR	MCU	Internal Clock Source (ICS) Module on the HCS08s in Depth	AN3041	HCS08	Click here
FREESCALE SEMICONDUCTOR	MCU	Analog Comparator Tips and Tricks for the MC9S08QG MCU	AN3552	HCS08	Click here
FREESCALE SEMICONDUCTOR	MCU	Implement an In-Application-Programmable Data-Storage on the MC9RS08KA8 System Configuration and Sensor Calibration	AN3741	MC9RS08KA8	Click here
FREESCALE SEMICONDUCTOR	MCU	Using and Synchronizing the S08's Internal Clock for LIN Slave Implementations	AN3756	S08	Click here
INTERSIL	ADC	Basic Analog for Digital Designers			Click here
INTERSIL	Regulator	Intersil Integrated FET DC/DC Converters			Click here
MICROCHIP	MCU	Class B Safety Software Library for PIC MCUs and dsPIC DSCs	AN1229		Click here
MICROCHIP	MCU	nanoWatt & nanoWatt XLP™ Technologies: An Introduction to Microchip's Low Power devices	AN1267		Click here
MICROCHIP	MCU	High-Speed Bootloader for PIC16 and PIC18 Devices	AN1310	PIC16	Click here
MICROCHIP	MCU	Emulating Data EEPROM for PIC18 and PIC24 MCUs and dsPIC DSCs	AN1095	PIC18	Click here
MICROCHIP	MCU	A Serial Bootloader for PIC24F Devices	AN1157	PIC24F	Click here
MICROCHIP	MCU	Bootloader for dsPIC30F/33F and PIC24F/24H Devices	AN1094	PIC24F	Click here
MICROCHIP	DSC	Brushless DC Motor Fundamentals	AN885		Click here
MICROCHIP	DSC	Sensored BLDC Motor Control Using dsPIC30F2010	AN957	dsPIC30F2010	Click here
MICROCHIP	DSC	Using the dsPIC30F & dsPIC33F DSCs for Sensorless BLDC Control	AN901	dsPIC30F	Click here
MICROCHIP	DSC	Sensorless BLDC Motor Control Using dsPIC30F2010	AN992	dsPIC30F2010	Click here
MICROCHIP	DSC	Sinusoidal Control of PMSM Motors with dsPIC30F DSC	AN1017	dsPIC30F	Click here
MICROCHIP	DSC	Sensorless Field Oriented Control of PMSM Motors using dsPIC30F or dsPIC33F	AN1078	dsPIC33F	Click here
MICROCHIP	DSC	Sensorless BLDC Control with Back-EMF Filtering	AN1083		Click here
MICROCHIP	DSC	Sensorless Field Oriented Control (FOC) of an AC Induction Motor	AN1162A		Click here
MICROCHIP	MCU	Compiled Tips 'N Tricks Guide		PIC16	Click here
MICROCHIP	MCU	PIC Microcontroller Low Power Tip 'n Tricks		PIC16	Click here
ST MICROELECTRONICS	Driver	DC motor speed/position control system		L292	Click here
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS	MCU	MSP430x4xx Family User's Guide		MSP430x4xx	Click here
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS	MCU	MSP430FG47x Ultra-Low-Power Microcontroller	SLYT329	MSP430FG47x	Click here
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS	MCU	Using power solutions to extend battery life in MSP430 applications	SLYT356	MSP430	Click here
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS	DSC	EEPROM Emulation With the TMS320F28xxx DSCs			Click here
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS	DSC	Flash Programming Solutions for the TMS320F28xxx DSCs		TMS320F28xxx	Click here
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS	DSC	Optimizing Digital Motor Control Libraries			Click here
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS	DSC	Using Enhanced Pulse Width Modulator (ePWM) Module for 0-100% Duty Cycle Control			Click here
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS	DSC	Reliability Data for TMS320LF24x and TMS320F281x Devices		TMS320LF24x	Click here
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS	DSC	Converting Analog Controllers to Smart Controllers with the TMS320C2000 DSPs		TMS320C2000	Click here
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS	DSC	RS-485 for Digital Motor Control Applications			Click here
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS	DSP	Getting Started in C and Assembly Code with the TMS320LF240x DSP		TMS320LF240x	Click here
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS	DSP	3.3 V DSP for Digital Motor Control			Click here
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS	DSP	Sensorless Speed Controlled Brushless D Drive Using TMS320C242 DSP Controller		TMS320C242	Click here
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS	DSP	Field Oriented Control 3-Phase AC-Motors		TMS320LF240x	Click here
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS	DSP	DSP Solutions for Motor Control Using the TMS320F240 DSP Controller		TMS320LF240x	Click here
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS	DSP	AC Induct'n Motor Control Using Constant V/Hz Principle/Space Vector PWM- 'C240			Click here
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS	DSP	DSP Solutions for BLDC Motors			Click here
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS	DSP	DSP Solution for AC Induction Motor			Click here
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS	DSP	Implementation Sensorless Speed Controlled Brushless DC Drive Using TMS320F240		TMS320F240	Click here
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS	DSP	DSP Solution for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor			Click here
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS	DSP	Configuring Source of Multiple ePWM Trip-Zone Events		TMS320F28xxx	Click here
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS	DSP	Microstepping Bipolar Drive of Two-Phase Hybrid Stepping Motor on F2808 DSP		TMS320F28xxx	Click here
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS	DSP	An Overview of Designing Analog Interface With TM320F28xx/28xxx DSCs		TMS320F28xxx	Click here
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS	DSP	Hardware Design Guidelines for TMS320F28xx and TMS320F28xxx DSCs		TMS320F28xxx	Click here
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS	DSP	TMS320x280x 2801x, 2804x Analog-to-Digital Converter(ADC) Module Reference Guide		TMS320x280x	Click here
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS	DSP	TMS320x280x, 2801x, 2804x High Resolution PWM (HRPWM) Reference Guide		TMS320x280x	Click here
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS	DSP	TMS320x280x, 2801x, 2804x Enhanced Pulse Width Modulator		TMS320x280x	Click her