This learning module is an introduction to voltage references, covering fundamentals in measurement parameters, types, and applications.
Voltage Reference IC
The MAX6033 ultra-high-precision series voltage reference features a low 7ppm/°C (max) temperature coefficient and a low dropout voltage (200mV, max). Low temperature drift and low noise make the MAX6033 ideal for use with high-resolution ADCs or DACs.
LM4040AEM3-2.5+T- Improved Precision Micropower Shunt Voltage Reference with Multiple Reverse Breakdown Voltages
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The LM4040 is a precision two-terminal shunt mode, bandgap voltage reference available in fixed reverse breakdown voltages of 2.048V, 2.500V, 3.000V, 3.3V, 4.096V, and 5.000V. Well suited for space-critical applications, the LM4040 is offered in the subminiature 3-pin SC70 surface-mount package (1.8mm x 1.8mm), 50% smaller than comparable devices in SOT23 surface-mount packages (SOT23 versions are also available).
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The MAX6126 is an ultra-low-noise, high-precision, low-dropout voltage reference. It features curvature-correction circuitry and high-stability, laser-trimmed, thin-film resistors that result in 3ppm/°C (max) temperature coefficients and an excellent ±0.02% (max) initial accuracy. The proprietary low-noise reference architecture produces a low flicker noise of 1.3µVP-P and wideband noise as low as 60nV/√Hz (2.048V output) without the increased supply current usually found in low-noise references. It improves wideband noise to 35nV/√Hz and AC power-supply rejection by adding a 0.1µF capacitor at the noise reduction pin.
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The MAX6035 is a high-voltage, precision micropower voltage reference. This three-terminal device is available with output voltage options of 2.5V, 3.0V, and 5.0V. It is an excellent upgrade for industry-standard devices such as the REF02 and REF43. The MAX6035 offers 14x lower power than the REF02 and 5x lower power than the REF43, as well as a reduced package size from an 8-pin SO to a 3-pin SOT23. The MAX6035 features a proprietary temperature coefficient curvature-correction circuit and laser-trimmed, thin-film resistors that result in a very low temperature-coefficient of 25ppm/°C (max) and an initial accuracy of ±0.2% (max).
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LM4050AEM3-3.0+T -50ppm/°C Precision Micropower Shunt Voltage References with Multiple Reverse Breakdown Voltages
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The LM4050 is a precision two-terminal, shunt mode, bandgap voltage reference available in fixed reverse breakdown voltages of 1.225V, 2.048V, 2.500V, 3.000V, 3.3V, 4.096V, and 5.000V. Ideal for space-critical applications, the LM4050 is offered in the subminiature 3-pin SC70 surface-mount package (1.8mm x 1.8mm), 50% smaller than comparable devices in SOT23 surface-mount package (SOT23 versions are also available).
The MAX6006 is an ultra-low-power shunt reference. It is offered in 3-pin SOT23 packages, and the minimum operating current is guaranteed to be < 1µA. The device features a low-temperature coefficient of < 30ppm/°C and initial accuracy of better than 0.2%.
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MAX6138CEXR21+T - 0.1%, 25ppm, SC70 Shunt Voltage Reference with Multiple Reverse Breakdown Voltages
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The MAX6138 is a precision, two-terminal shunt mode, bandgap voltage reference available in fixed reverse breakdown voltages of 1.2205V, 2.048V, 2.5V, 3.0V, 3.3V, 4.096V, and 5.0V. It is offered in the subminiature 3-pin SC70 surface-mount package (1.8mm x 1.8mm), 50% smaller than comparable devices in SOT23 surface-mount packages.
The MAX6029 is a micropower, low-dropout, bandgap voltage reference that combines ultra-low supply current and low drift in a miniature 5-pin SOT23 surface-mount package. It uses 70% less board space than comparable devices in an SO package. Initial accuracy of 0.15% and a 30ppm/°C (max) temperature coefficient make the MAX6029 suitable for precision applications. This series-mode voltage reference sources up to 4mA and sinks up to 1mA of load current. A wide 2.5V to 12.6V supply range, ultra-low 5.25µA (max) supply current, and a low 200mV dropout voltage make these devices ideal for battery-operated systems. Additionally, an internal compensation capacitor eliminates the need for an external compensation capacitor and ensures stability with load capacitances up to 10µF.
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The MAX6043 precision voltage reference provides accurate preset +2.5V, +3.3V, +4.096V, +5.0V, and +10V reference voltages from up to +40V input voltages. The MAX6043 features a proprietary temperature coefficient curvature-correction circuit and laser-trimmed thin-film resistors that result in a very low temperature-coefficient of 15ppm/°C (max) and excellent initial accuracy of 0.05% (max). Low-temperature drift and low noise make the MAX6043 ideal for use with high-resolution A/D or D/A converters.
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