With the rapid development of China's transport tunnels as part of the road has been considerable development, tunnel lighting is the basic component of the tunnel, the lighting quality of a direct impact on traffic safety, lighting energy consumption in the tunnel used in the costs accounted for a large proportion. LED tunnel lighting for its outstanding performance is becoming a mainstream light of today's world highways, tunnels and urban road lighting. Departure from the "green light" concept and tunnel lighting features, LED Floodlight 80W technology and energy-saving effects are reviewed.
Tunnels - Underground artificial construction, is a product of the development of human society, the crystallization of human wisdom. The earliest artificial trenches can be traced back to ancient times of war, as the transfer channels, shelter, and water diversion facilities. Modern trenches are widely used in the implementation of the prospecting, transportation and military, with the continuous development of modern transportation, the status of the tunnel in the transport and the importance of continuous improvement. The tunnel used to transport almost throughout the major cities in the world, the Seikan Tunnel, and the Anglo-French Channel Tunnel construction, human tunnel construction in the history of great initiative.
The lighting is the basic building blocks of the tunnel, the quality of lighting is not only a direct impact on traffic safety, and energy consumption of lighting in the tunnel is the largest. . In China, electricity for lighting accounts for about 12% of the total electricity consumption, road lighting, electricity consumption accounted for about 20% -30% in the tunnel, in order to ensure driving safety and comfort, regardless of the day and night are can not do without lighting, tunnel lighting electricity is in the road operating costs accounted for a large proportion of [1].
1, the "green light"
In the 1980s, with the rise of the tide of the global energy crisis and global environmental protection, environmental protection, energy conservation, the consensus of all mankind. The "green light" is the argument of the early 1990s the international savings on using electricity, protect the environment lighting system image. China's State Economic and Trade Commission, China's green lighting project started in November 1993, and in the national plan in 1996.
2, the road tunnel lighting
The tunnel is a special tubular structures, and Outside bright and spacious road vehicles through the tunnel from bright into the black hole, and from the black hole toward a bright process, for the light to dark or from dark to adapt to a process, in the process of adaptation, according to existing norms drivers is difficult to identify the object or objects inside the cave, the road, resulting in a visual and psychological barriers so that the traffic seems unsafe. The purpose of the LED strip lights lighting is by setting the lamps that adjust brightness to control the brightness of the transition changes in the human visual adaptation curve within, reduce the brightness of the dramatic changes to ensure traffic safety and comfort.
3, LED lighting technology
With the rapid development of China's road transportation construction, increasing the size and number of road tunnel construction, tunnel lighting has thus emerged, such as energy saving, safety and other problems to be solved to achieve energy conservation, improve the lighting in the tunnel lighting effect and to ensure traffic safety and comfort, and can usually be considered in terms of brightness and uniformity of lighting, glare, stroboscopic effect, lighting control.
With the maturing of the LED light source technology, the LED Blue 150W in the tunnel lighting gradually increased, and the LED light source because of its small size, good environmental performance, security and stability, high luminous efficiency, adjustable tunnel lighting good prospects and opportunities.
(2) to avoid glare, brightness uniformity and to avoid the stroboscopic effect
High-power LED light source in the tunnel according to need and the series combination, reducing the single tunnel lights have the power to shorten the spacing between the lamps. Due to the reduction of single tunnel light power (conditions) to meet the brightness requirements, and its brightness is reduced, thus avoiding the traffic process, especially the backlit lighting conditions due to the interference of light is too bright the glare; because the lamps the distance between the shorter, less prone to the "dark zone" between the lamps, in conjunction with the second optical design, you can greatly improve the brightness uniformity and objectives of the tunnel road visibility.
Stroboscopic effect of light and shade brightness changes, the frequency of the brightness changes, the total time of the strobe. Three lamps used in optical properties, the moving speed of the vehicle, lighting installation spacing, the length of tunnel. In general, the strobe frequency is less than 2.5 and greater than 15Hz when flicker is acceptable. The shorter the distance between the lamps easy to make the flicker frequency higher than 15Hz, the more uniform distribution of brightness of the light source is also conducive to weaken the stroboscopic effect brought about by the uncomfortable phenomenon.
(3) in favor of the tunnel lighting intelligent level control
Tunnel lighting control method is based on the control of the SCR (silicon controlled rectifier). This method is based on the external environment, changes in the brightness of the tunnel, dynamic adjustment of the tunnel interior lighting brightness to achieve energy efficiency. Tunnel lighting (high pressure sodium and metal halide lamps), mainly by the closure of some of the light source to achieve dimming requirements in this way on the one hand will increase the number of lamps and lighting circuit, on the other hand it also reduces the quality of tunnel lighting, prone to zebra effect ". [3] However, the LED 400W light source has a good brightness adjustable using Promise dimming LED can be achieved lamps, to further improve the effect of energy-saving LED tunnel lighting, tunnel lighting intelligent, and does not produce "zebra effect" effectively prevent over-lighting, to meet the safe and comfortable under the premise of saving lighting energy consumption.
4 Conclusion
The LED light source as a new generation of lighting, with its highly efficient, energy saving, environmental protection and other national and local government support and promotion. Its application areas and gradually expand by signal indication, emergency lighting, small power lighting to street lighting and road tunnel lighting and other high-power lighting. In the tunnel lighting, LED light source in addition to good optical performance, but also to avoid glare and stroboscopic effects, brightness uniformity, using the advantage of intelligent control, LED 200W lightsource in the tunnel lighting very good opportunity.
5 References
[1] Xu Lei, etc., the comparison of the road tunnel lighting (J), Environmental Protection in Transportation, 2010 (3) :29 -31;
[2] He Xiaoli, LED energy-saving lamps in the tunnel lighting applications (J), Shanxi Transportation Research, 2010 (2);