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Legacy Personal Blogs Raspberry Pi 2 Road Test Application Accepted - the Way Forward
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Engagement
  • Author Author: Former Member
  • Date Created: 5 Mar 2015 7:34 PM Date Created
  • Views 225 views
  • Likes 3 likes
  • Comments 2 comments
  • RoadTest
  • processing
  • seismic
  • rpi2
  • geophysics
  • raspberrypi2
  • pi2
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Recommended

Raspberry Pi 2 Road Test Application Accepted - the Way Forward

Former Member
Former Member
5 Mar 2015

So this morning I checked my personal email, as opposed to my work email, and was surprised to see a message from Christian DeFoe saying that I have been selected to Road Test the RPi 2 and that it is being sent my way.  For those that are curious, if there are any people actually reading this, here is what I put in my application:

 

" As a Geophysicist by trade, I get very excited when new, cheap, open-source hardware comes out that I can bend to my will.  I have been planning lately to take my old RPi Model B and implement it with a seismic "geophone" array to record and process data for a smaller scale project I am working on (identifying the location of a buried hollow pipe about 15 feet underground using a "hammer seismic" source).  This should be fairly straight forward as the output of the geophones is merely a voltage caused by the movement of a magnet against the coils within the sensor itself.  This measurement will need to be put through a field DAC and then fed into the Pi, where it will be recorded.  From there I have two options, use already created "Seismic Unix" processing package to process the data or begin branching out the area of seismic processing within the Python language (I much prefer the Python approach because I feel that there is definitely room on the market for more free seismic processing packages).

 

In the past I have had a lot of issues with running any processing software with moderately small data sets on the single-core Pi Model B, and with the extra ram and extra core I am really hoping that some of these problems are resolved.  This project tests the Pi's memory and cpu speeds with the processing and the hardware compatibility with the integration of the geophones.

 

What the heck is a geophysicist? What is Geophysics - EOAS

What is a seismic survey? How do seismic surveys work? - Oil and Gas Lawyer Blog

More on Geophones

What is Seismic Processing (warning, not so brief overview)? http://www.xsgeo.com/course/proc.ht

More on  Seismic Processing in Python SRL 81:3 Electronic Seismologist "

 

As the application says, I am a Geophysicist which is essentially a cross between a computer scientist, electrical engineer, physicist, and geologist.  The sub-set of geophysics that I have spent most of my time on is seismic, or the examination of reflection of sound waves in the subsurface.  The general idea is that you take an acoustic source, such as a hammer or dynamite, and set it off such that it (hopefully) sends most of its energy into the ground as a "pressure" or "shear" wave (P and S-waves).  As these waves travel into the earth, impedance contrasts in the rock cause a certain amount of each of the waves to reflect back to the surface or refract, travelling along the boundary of the two "layers".  By recording the waves at the surface, processing techniques can be used to take the data (in the form of an amplitude and "travel time" of the wave) and transform it into an approximate "picture" of the subsurface.

 

The project I am planning on doing with the Pi 2 stems from the same seismic theory.  My general idea is to take a small array of geophones and place them in a line over a large storm drain in the ground, record multiple "shots" of me hitting the ground with a hammer, and process the subsequent data into a somewhat accurate image of the subsurface (that ideally will show the large storm drain).  Previously I had done some testing with my Pi B and it never had satisfactory processing power to allow me to continue.  When I heard that the Pi 2 would be much faster than the original Pi, I thought it would be the perfect chance to both do a small geophysical experiment and test out the Pi 2's capability.  So that is just what I will do!

 

In the short term I am going to begin planning out my experiments and getting an idea for the processing I will do, I feel like this is most efficiently done as I wait for the thing to arrive.  I have a good idea of what I want to do, but I want to do this thing right and have good documentation so people can independently determine if they like the Pi 2 as well.

 

Also if there is any interest, I can post my plans and really anything I come up with.  Still not totally sure if anyone will actually be interested, but hey.

 

Austin

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  • DAB
    DAB over 8 years ago

    HI Austin,

     

    I too have a great interest in Geophysics, so I will be watching your progress and probably ask some strange questions, but I have a lot of out of the box issues I would like to explore about geology.

     

    DAB

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  • chuck_young
    chuck_young over 8 years ago

    HI Austin:

     

    I hope you will be able to spend some time with an engineering seismograph (e.g. something from Geometrics),

    'cause then you will have a much better idea of where you are headed.  I think that trying to image a buried pipe or tunnel

    is difficult, even with commercial seismic equipment. You may be better off pursuing simple layered earth refraction or reflection results.

     

    I have been interested in seismic reflection work using a hammer ever since I first heard of it.

    You might be interested in the work of Pullan and Hunter, such as

    ftp://geom.geometrics.com/pub/seismic/Literature/S-TR94.pdf

    "Optimum window" is essentially a single channel approach. They were using an 8 bit ADC and an Apple II computer to do this in 1984!!!

     

    This fellow devised a basic refraction seismic system using an ADC for his notebook computer. You might do well to start with his design.

    Journal of Water Resource and Protection, 2011, 3, 768-780
    doi:10.4236/jwarp.2011.310087 Published Online October 2011 (http://www.SciRP.org/journal/jwarp)

    Inexpensive Geophysical Instruments Supporting Groundwater Exploration in Developing Nations

     

    James A. Clark1, Richard Page2

    1Department of Geology and Environmental Science, Wheaton College, Wheaton, Illinois, USA 2Design Engineer, Wheaton, Illinois, USA
    E-mail
    : james.clark@wheaton.edu

     

     

     

    Are you planning to use the Element14 Cirrus or Wolfson  audio card? The good news is that they have good dynamic range and

    high sampling rate, but the bad news is that they are only two channels. My thought is that you should also look at the

    AdaFruit ADS1015, (12 bits,  4 channels,  3300 samples per sec rate).

     

    Another good way to go might be to use Audacity (freeware!) and a USB audio adapter

    (16 bit stereo, cost around $5).  I tested this for another application. I think this would work well for Clark and Page's project (above).

     

    A regular geophone is going to cost you about $50 each.

    I have been experimenting with low cost geophone replacement, some kind of  piezo element.

    I can give you more details if you are interested.

     

    I have had some luck displaying waveform cross sections with matlab (or octave). Actually, I was using radar data, but it's the same idea as seismic.  In modern times, it looks like Python would work just as well.

     

    If you get Seismic Unix running , I would like to hear  more about it, especially if you get it running on the RPi.

    I used SU on a Sun computer, and then on a notebook running Linux. It doesn't take all that much memory, but my thought is that

    SU is WAY OVERKILL, for hammer seismic. 

     

    My current personal choice for small scale hammer seismic is a pocket sized digital recorder.

    I have a Tascam DR-05 that I purchased for about $60 on EBay. I think would do just fine.

     

    I hope you will post information on your progress here.

     

    Chuck

    (Yes. I am a retired professor of geophysics.)

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