What is an oscilloscope?
The oscilloscope is a graphical display device that shows variable electrical signals over time.
The vertical axis, from now on referred to as Y, represents the voltage; while the horizontal axis, called X, represents time.
The oscilloscopes are the most versatile instruments that exist, and they are used by technicians repairing televisions to doctors. An oscilloscope can measure a large number of phenomena, provided with the right transducer (an element that converts a quantity It physical electrical signal) will be able to give us the value of pressure, heart rate, the power of sound, vibration level in a car, etc. So. we should use the best oscilloscope. you can read the best oscilloscope review besttopreviewsonline.com
It is essential that the oscilloscope used allows visualization of signals of at least 4.5 cycles per second, allowing verification stages video, vertical and horizontal sweep and even sources of power.
Although the most common one is the simple-trace oscilloscope, it is much better to use a double-trace oscilloscope in which more than one phenomenon or waveform can be visualized simultaneously.
The operation of the oscilloscope is based on the possibility of diverting a beam of electrons through the creation of electric and magnetic fields.
In most oscilloscopes, the electronic deviation, called deflection, is achieved by electric fields. This constitutes electrostatic deflection.
A minority of oscilloscope devices specialized in the visualization of response curves use the electromagnetic deflection system, similar to that used in television. The latter type of oscilloscope lacks controlling the time of scanning.
The processDeflection of the electron beam is carried out in the vacuum created inside the so-called cathode ray tube (CRT). On the screen of this is where the applied information is displayed.
The electrostatic deflection cathode ray tube is equipped with two pairs of horizontal and vertical deflection plates, respectively, which properly controlled make it possible to display the phenomena to be analyzed on the screen.
This representation can be considered inscribed on some Cartesian coordinates in which the horizontal and vertical axes represent time and voltage respectively. The scale of each of the Cartesian axes engraved on the screen can be changed independently from each other, to provide the signal with the most suitable representation for its measurement and analysis.
The dimensions of the CRT screen are currently standardized on most instruments, at 10 cm on the horizontal axis (X) by 8 cm on the vertical axis (Y). On the screen, divisions of 1 square cm are recorded, either directly on the CRT or on a piece superimposed on it, on which an 80 cm square grid is printed. In this grid is the representation of the signal applied to the oscilloscope.
The oscilloscope, as a very used device that is, is represented in the market of instruments in many different ways, not only regarding the purely physical aspect but also regarding their internal characteristics and, therefore, their performance and application possibilities.
However, despite possible differences, all oscilloscopes have common operating principles. The most widely used are what we could define as "basic oscilloscopes."
With the oscilloscope, waveforms of alternating signals can be visualized, measuring their peak, medium, and RMS voltage.
In the previous drawing, you can see the block diagram of a basic type oscilloscope. As seen in this drawing, the fundamental circuits are the following:
- Vertical input attenuator
- Vertical amplifier
- Vertical deflection stage
- Amplifier of the sample of shot (trigger)
- Shooting mode selector (interior or exterior)
- Trigger impulse amplifier
- Time base
- Erasing impulse amplifier
- Horizontal deflection stage
- CRT
- Power circuit.
An alternating current is one that constantly changes value and reverses its direction at regular intervals. In the case of an alternator, these changes are the result of the rotation of the armature or armature, since each turn of the winding wire cuts the lines of force of the magnetic field in one direction and then in the opposite direction, causing the electrons move alternately in one direction and then in the opposite direction.
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