If you have some familiarity with C then it shouldn’t be too difficult to get started with Arduino. But it isn’t clear if your question is about hardware, software, or the IDE. A good place to get started is the Arduino website and click the “Learn” tab. Another useful location is the Reference section at https://www.arduino.cc/reference/en/ That section has example usage of built-in language functions provided by Arduino.
There are many different hardware options available. Arduino and some of the other manufacturers have documentation on how to use their boards. A good way to get started is to use one of the kits that comes with an Arduino Uno or clone. I have some familiarity with this one and it is well documented but there are others: https://www.sparkfun.com/products/15267
There are plenty of sample programs to load onto your board.
Try a few, and look over the code.
Next try to build some straight forward projects.
Blinky LED. Hardware interrupts with a button. When you are ready, get some sensors and try out some protocols like I2C or SPI. A nice project on any board is getting a 2x16 character display working.
I see by your profile you are a newly minted E14 Community member. First welcome.
Your question is pretty broad and deep meaning, there is a lot of information on the subject, what is most appropriate.
I will break it down into three areas. Hardware, software and project.
Hardware is the stuff you will need to program and run and Arduino. First you need the Arduino itself. I will assume you are familiar with that hardware. There are a number of different models of board. Each offering something. With the board you will need the cable that connects to your computer. Not all boards use the same cable. I would include in the hardware a breadboard and a basic electronics parts kit. These components will enable you to interface with the outside world. Oh yeah, you need some kinda of PC computer. Arduino software is supported across MS WIndows, Linux and MAC O/S. Another piece of kit, not mandatory but required to run the Arduino away from the computer is power. A simple battery can do if that is all you have. Again you will need a connector for the board you are using.
Software is required on the PC to communicate with the Arduino over the cables. Arduino releases a free product. There are other interfaces. I know Visual Studio Code supports and interface as well as others.
Now that you have the hardware and software you need a project, something to work on. If your desire is just to setup communication between the Arduino and PC you have all the bits. There are numerous resources on the Internet to assist with that learning. I guess there is another important component, Internet Access. That will provide you access to resources to support the device, ask questions and share you experience.
This site has many Arduino dabblers. A number of them are extremely knowledgeable. If you have issues during your Arduino forage, make a post on the site. I'm confident someone will reply. I do suggest, if you have questions that you provide as much detail as possible in your question. It can improve the response time as well as the quality of the responses. Individuals on the site freely give or their time. Having to wash/rinse and repeat to get details takes time. It can be frustrating to try and answer the question "It doesn't work!" when that is all the details provided. Invest in your question by providing details and I'm sure someone will invest in an answer.
As others have commented, Arduino IDE is really great in it has proven working examples of Arduino programs for all kinds of sensors and add on boards.
I like the Arduino nano myself if you have some hardware capabilities on hand like breadboards and LEDs.
Arduino Uno has headers that allow breadboard jumpers to be directly inserted.
There are alot of different Arduino models and sensors available, or if you are really wanting to dive in, Arduino project and sensor kits are available.
