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PCB Forum Solder paste viscosity - making the right choice - help please?
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Related

Solder paste viscosity - making the right choice - help please?

davebullockmbe
davebullockmbe over 1 year ago

Calling all hand builders.

I am building a homebrew semi-automatic solder paste dispenser to build one-off SMD boards.
I attach a picture of where I am up to below.
The system uses a 1mL syringe with a 22G needle being driven by a threaded rod connected to a miniature motor and gearbox.
The motor is controlled by an Arduino that can activate the motor for a variety of milliseconds to deliver the correct solder paste 'droplet' size.

My problem is selecting a solder paste with the correct viscosity.
Whilst testing I used various household 'pastes' to save wasting expensive solder paste. I tried toothpaste and Dijon mustard and the system delivered acceptable sized droplets (see toothpaste attached below):-

image

However when I tried my solder paste, the system delivered the paste but due to it's thicker consistency it continued to 'creep' out the needle after the motor advance.
Clearly the paste is too thick and unduly pressurises the system, slowly releasing over time rather than being delivered all in one droplet.
The effect is that I get a slowly emerging 'worm' of paste rather than a nice droplet.

image

So my plea for help is this.
Without going to the expense of buying a variety of solder pastes in the hope one is suitable, does someone in the community have experience of hand delivering droplets
of 'leaded' solder paste in a similar manner. And can you kindly save me a lot of experimenting, by suggesting a suitable paste please?

Thanks in anticipation......
Dave

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  • michaelkellett
    michaelkellett over 1 year ago +3
    Solder paste will vary in consistency according to age, temperature and stirring. The stuff in small syringes is often of very poor quality - you should make sure you buy a recognised brand (not from…
  • davebullockmbe
    davebullockmbe over 1 year ago in reply to shabaz +3
    HI Shabaz well the current board I am developing is so small that the stencil cost would enormously outweigh the cost of the boards (which are £3.55 for 5 pcb's manufactured and shipped to my door) Also…
  • shabaz
    shabaz over 1 year ago +1
    A bit of a science-experiment level thought rather than a serious suggestion, but I've always wondered if there wasn't another technique feasible, which would be to glue down every part precisely where…
Parents
  • dougw
    dougw over 1 year ago

    If more aggressive pull-back (as indicated by michaelkellett and anniel747 )doesn't solve your problem, you could have a look at the materials Voltera uses (and sells) for their V-One printer, where they seem to have solved the dispensing issues. I think you can even buy their dispensing nozzle modules.

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  • anniel747
    anniel747 over 1 year ago in reply to dougw

    Any idea what is different from others?

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  • anniel747
    anniel747 over 1 year ago in reply to dougw

    Any idea what is different from others?

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  • davebullockmbe
    davebullockmbe over 1 year ago in reply to anniel747

    OK
    I might try IPA then to see if it makes a difference to my 'cheap' paste delivery and the fiercer 'pull back' is good advice too.
    However, because the paste I have isn't 'wetting' the solder pads I think the first priority is the viscosity?
    My experience with toothpaste and mayonnaise wetted really well (but it doesn't solder the parts at all...lol!)
    The only issue I have with thinning such small amounts of solder paste is getting consistency between batches. And my big syringe of solder paste has it's plunger integral so not easy to remove and dribble IPA to thin the whole lot. 
    I am soooo tantalizingly close yet so far.
    Thanks......
    Dave

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  • shabaz
    shabaz over 1 year ago in reply to davebullockmbe

    Warmth makes solder paste extremely runny, so it might just be a case of slightly warming the syringe contents (maybe in hands). In summer time I find it difficult to quickly work with a pasted board (using a stencil) compared to colder weather, when I have more time before it slumps.

    0402 parts look nicely filleted with 0.274mm solder wire (which has almost no flux in it due to the thinness, so it does require the board to have a smear of flux beforehand (I use a gel-like flux, but it could be coated with liquid flux too). And a very small soldering tip (1mm).

    It could also be worth experimenting with spoon tips for these small parts, even though those tips are intended for SMD ICs.

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  • anniel747
    anniel747 over 1 year ago in reply to davebullockmbe

    Wetting will occur when the solder melts. There is a gage for measuring this consistency where you use a squeegee like scraper to drag it on the gage.

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  • anniel747
    anniel747 over 1 year ago in reply to shabaz

    Thicker flux aids in hand placing components. 

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  • mp2100
    mp2100 over 1 year ago in reply to davebullockmbe

    The fact that you used mayonnaise to experiment with jogs my memory.  Mayonnaise is non-Newtonian, it is thixotropic

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thixotropy

    Which means when you are pushing your syringe, the viscosity thins our.  Stop pushing, it's viscosity increases, so much less likely to overflow, no "worm" on your circuit board.  Now I have to figure out if solder paste is thixotropic. 

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  • mp2100
    mp2100 over 1 year ago in reply to mp2100

    Oh, ok, never mind.  One quick search, it is thixotropic.  So mayonnaise was a perfect choice.

    aimsolder.com/.../go-with-the-flow

    Good advice on that web page, and examples of materials' viscosity

    image

    How about peanut butter?

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