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Forum 变压器温升测量方法的比较
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变压器温升测量方法的比较

chenchen924
chenchen924 over 15 years ago

在设备中,变压器作为安全件有着极其重要的作用。如果设备在正常工作或局部产生故障的情况下,而引起变压器温升过高且已超出变压器材料件(如骨架.线包.漆层等)所能承受的温度,可能会使变压器绝缘失效,引起触电危险或着火危险。所以在设备中对变压器温升的测量是必不可少的。
  
通常对变压器温升的测量,我们采用两种方法:热电偶法和电阻法。

热电偶法:目前可采用DR030数字温度巡回检测仪来测量变压器温升。测试时可用胶布或用涂料(氧化铝+溶剂)将热电偶丝粘贴在变压器被测部位上。贴好热电偶后,受试变压器加上负载,接通电源,待热稳定或4h后测量其温升。

电阻法:首先在变压器加负载并接通电源前,应先测量变压器的冷态电阻R1, 然后,给变压器加上负载并接通电源,4h或热稳定后,断开电源,立即测量变压器各线包的热态电阻R2,由以下公式计算出变压器的温升:
  
Δt=R2-R1∕R1(234.5+t1)-( t2- t1)
  
R1:试验开始时的阻值(Ω);R2:试验结束时的阻值(Ω);t1:试验开始时的室温(℃);t2:试验结束时的室温(℃)。
  
从上述测试方法不难发现,用热电偶法和电阻法测量变压器温升时,前者测量的是变压器线包外层的温升,后者测得的是变压器线包的平均温升。在GB4943中规定测量变压器的线包温升允许采用热电偶法,测得的结果增加10℃,GB8898则要求用电阻法测量变压器线包的温升。为了了解这两种方法的差异,同时, 为了了解我们在测量变压器温升时,是测量变压器初级线包还是次级线包更能反应出变压器温升的实际情况,所以在对变压器进行温升试验时,特留意了以下两种结构的电源变压器,根据测量结果,进行了比对。
                                                    
                                                   热电偶法和电阻法变压器温升测量结果表(纯电阻负载)

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