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Forum 全数字控制:电源管理新趋势
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全数字控制:电源管理新趋势

qiqi
qiqi over 14 years ago

       电子设备所具备的功能越多、性能越高,其结构、技术、系统就越复杂,传统的模拟技术电源管理IC满足系统整体电源管理要求的难度也就越大,价格也更加昂贵。高性能全数字控制IC是目前智能化电源管理领域的发展趋势,有灵活、快速响应、高集成度以及高度可控的巨大优势。

  目前全球只有一些老牌半导体厂商以及新兴的IC供应商率先投入到这个新的竞技场。TI、Microchip、Zilker Labs、iWatt、Silicon Labs等公司纷纷推出各自的数字电源产品。

  数字控制器的核心主要由三个特殊模块组成:抗混叠(anti-aliasing)滤波器、模数转换器(ADC)和数字脉冲宽度调制器(DPWM)。为了达到与模拟控制架构同等的性能指标,必须具备高分辨率、高速和线性ADC以及高分辨率、高速PWM电路设计。ADC分辨率必须能够满足误差小于输出电压允许变化的范围,所需的输出电压纹波越小,则对ADC的分辨率要求越高。同时,由于抗混叠滤波器以及流水线式或SAR模数转换器会引入环路延时,所以我们迫切需要高采样速率的模数转换器。模拟控制器对所产生的可能脉冲宽度存在固有的限制,而DPWM可以产生离散和有限的PWM宽度集。从稳定状态下的输出角度看,只可能有一组离散的输出电压。由于DPWM是反馈环路中的一部分,因此DPWM的分辨率必须足够高才能使输出不显示众所周知的极限周值。不显示任何极限周值所需的最少位数取决于拓扑、输出电压和ADC分辨率。同时,系统的环路稳定性由PI或者PID控制器来调整。目前与模拟控制架构相比,数字控制架构的成本将大幅增加。

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