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Power & Energy
Forum 电容传感器按钮设计电子开关
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Related

电容传感器按钮设计电子开关

chenchen924
chenchen924 over 14 years ago

本设计是用电容传感器按钮(PCB圆形或方形垫片)替代机电开关。PIC12CXXXMCU非常适合于这种应用,用少量元件就可设计一种价廉的全电子开关。此方法采用一个简单的RC延迟电路(图1),当按传感器时其时间常数发生变化。

image 

为了读出传感器的状态,微控制器必须执行如下两步(图2和图3):

image

 

image


  1:改变输出状态,从"0"到"1"(写操作-Twr)

 

  2:读输入状态(读操作-Trd)

 

  假若读操作的结果是"0",这意味着传感器被按。为手指电容串联连接到电容器C,使电路的时间常数较大。

 

  因为为手指电容小,Twr和Trd之间的间隔时间小于1~2μs,所以建议PIC12CXXX内部时钟用4MHz。

 

  在图4硬件电路图中包含两个传感器按钮。其技巧是对于读传感器SB0:GP0设置为输入,GP1设置为输出;而对于读SB1:GP0设置为输出,GP1设置为输入。GP4,5连接至LED,指示传感器按钮的状态,PIC12C508其他引脚在此不讨论,它们可用做为SYNCRO输入和TRIACDRIVER输出。

 

image


  必须调节电阻器R1的值,它确定按钮的灵敏度。电容器C1和C2的值不是太重要。建议用与微控制器输入相同类型的,具有相等的输入阻抗。

 

  软件流程示于图5。

 

 

image
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