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Forum 中国的工业机器人状况
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中国的工业机器人状况

YYD
YYD over 14 years ago

我国工业机器人起步于70年代初期,经过20多年的发展,大致经历了3个阶段:70年代的萌芽期,80年代的开发期和90年代的适用化期。

  70年代是世界科技发展的一个里程碑:人类登上了月球,实现了金星、火星的软着陆。我国也发射了人造卫星。世界上工业机器人应用掀起一个高潮,尤其在日本发展更为迅猛,它补充了日益短缺的劳动力。在这种背景下,我国于1972年开始研制自己的工业机器人。

  进入80年代后,在高技术浪潮的冲击下,随着改革开放的不断深入,我国机器人技术的开发与研究得到了政府的重视与支持。“七五”期间,国家投入资金,对工业机器人及其零部件进行攻关,完成了示教再现式工业机器人成套技术的开发,研制出了喷涂、点焊、弧焊和搬运机器人。1986年国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)开始实施,智能机器人主题跟踪世界机器人技术的前沿,经过几年的研究,取得了一大批科研成果,成功地研制出了一批特种机器人。

  从90年代初期起,我国的国民经济进入实现两个根本转变时期,掀起了新一轮的经济体制改革和技术进步热潮,我国的工业机器人又在实践中迈进一大步,先后研制出了点焊、弧焊、装配、喷漆、切割、搬运、包装码垛等各种用途的工业机器人,并实施了一批机器人应用工程,形成了一批机器人产业化基地,为我国机器人产业的腾飞奠定了基础。

  虽然中国的工业机器人产业在不断的进步中,但和国际同行相比,差距依旧明显。从市场占有率来说,更无法相提并论。工业机器人很多核心技术,目前我们尚未掌握,这是影响我国机器人产业发展的一个重要瓶颈。

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