Ohio State University researchers recently developed a new methodology for smart fabrication. The prototype could better inform medical data transmission, by support smart clothing that sends detailed information regarding healing and brain activity to doctors. (images via Ohio State University)
Researchers from the Ohio State University announced the successful development of embroider circuits that will add electronic frequency to clothing – enabling some of the most precise, non-invasive athletic tracking sportswear or brain activity monitors in history.
By using intricate machine embroidery, researchers were able to create embroider circuits with 0.1mm precision, a size ideal for fabric. The researchers used thread that is copper at its core, coated with silver plating, and fixed in different kinds of patterns and geometric shapes, which allow for various levels of conductivity. The patterns, which include swirls, circles, and the Ohio State University logo, can be sewn into clothing, hats, or other thin devices for data transmission.
The patterns create frequencies between one and five gigahertz, and is currently ideal for boosting cell phone and mobile reception, and transmitting and receiving fitness activity data. Lead study researchers John Volakis and Asimina Kiourti of Ohio State, however, believe the technology can revolutionize medical information gathering.
Volakis and Kiourti are investing if the technology can provide a non-invasive, comfortable sensor to monitor brain activity. In theory, the technology could treat various conditions, from addictions to epilepsy and migraines, all without the need for invasive brain implants.
The researchers have been developing wearable prototypes for years. In 2014, the team successfully created a similar technology using thicker, more conductive materials. The prototype, however, was not ideal for clothing, at 0.5 mm in diameter. The new wearable pattern is thinner, cheaper to produce, and is said to feel like normal fabric to the touch, yet offer a fun, easy way to receive and transmit data.
In future, the technology could also be incorporated into bandages to allow doctors to keep tabs o how a patient is healing post-surgery. If it were advanced further to assess perspiration, it could also be ideal for monitoring blood sugar levels of diabetic patients.
The study findings were published in the journal IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters. The e-textiles have also gained national attention, and researchers from other institutions may also dedicate resources to further advancing the technology as part of the Advanced Functional Fabrics of America Institute. The Institute brings together 50 universities and industrial organizations for the development of smart fabrics.
Volakis and Kiourti plan to continue their advancement of the smart thread, and hope to obtain a larger sewing machine for the next phase of their study.
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