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Forum 零中频关键技术--IQ不平衡
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  • 零中频
  • 调制解调
Related

零中频关键技术--IQ不平衡

铁丝19
铁丝19 over 14 years ago

来源:电子信息工程世界

 

零中频虽然有较多优点,但也存在一些难点,使其迟迟没有成为主流通信架构,不过随着对零中频的研究日益深入,其缺点也在被逐一克服,本文主要讲解其关键技术--IQ不平衡的原因及其解决方案。

 


在零中频方案中,如果调制解调电路的同相和正交两支路不一致,例如,混频器的增益不同(幅度不平衡),两个本振信号的相位差不是严格的90°(相位不平衡),会引起基带IQ信号的变化,即产生IQ不平衡问题。

幅度不平衡星座图:

image

蓝色的点为理想情况下的星座图位置,红色为调制解调器幅度不平衡所引起的星座图失真,如果失真较大,则EVM变差,导致误码率上升。

相位不平衡星座图:

image

蓝色的点为理想情况下的星座图位置,红色为调制解调器相位不平衡所引起的星座图失真,即整个星座图旋转了一个角度,同样会引起EVM的恶化,导致误码率上升。

同样,从混频的角度来讲,如果输入的本振信号正交分量和同相分量的幅度不一致且相位不是90°正交,则会产生一个负的本振信号,混频后引入误差,如下图所示:

image

 


不过随着IC的发展,调制解调器的幅度和相位不平衡以后很大的改善,尤其是调制器,其不平衡度已经很小,基本不会有很大影响,比如ADI公司的ADL5374,幅度不平衡为0.015dB,相位不平衡为0.25度。解调电路其不平衡度稍微差点,但也已经有了很大的改善,比如ADI即将量产的ADL5380,幅度不平衡小于0.25dB,相位不平衡小于0.5度。

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