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Documents 协作通信在无线传感器网络中的应用策略研究
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  • Author Author: sophie0love
  • Date Created: 21 Nov 2010 1:36 AM Date Created
  • Last Updated Last Updated: 9 Nov 2021 4:49 PM
  • Views 374 views
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协作通信在无线传感器网络中的应用策略研究

协作通信技术,是一种使得仅有单天线的移动终端也可以实现空间分集的新技术。它通过系统中各个用户帮助其伙伴用户传输信息,共享彼此的天线和空间信道资源,构成虚拟MIMO系统,从而获得了空间分集增益。而在无线传感器网络中,每个节点的传输功率受电池能量有限的约束,难以进行有效的长距离通信。利用协作通信技术,可以将多个传感器节点构成虚拟天线阵列,通过多节点间的协作在多径衰落环境中进行可靠通信,降低因为信号衰落造成的误码引起的重传,提高节点能量的利用率,克服传感器节点能量受限的弱点。由于节点能量受限是无线传感器网络的关键问题之一,因此协作通信技术在无线传感器网络中的应用极具意义。 本文主要针对协作通信技术在无线传感器网络中应用的几个关键问题进行了研究。首先,本文从传输策略、目的端的信号合并策略以及评价指标这几个方面,详细分析了不同的协作通信策略。针对协作通信传输策略,主要研究了解码转发(DF)、放大转发(AF)、选择中继和编码协作(CC)模式;对于信号合并策略,主要研究了最佳选择合并,最大比合并及等增益合并;而对于协作通信的评价指标,则分析了信道容量、中断概率和误码率等不同指标。针对不同协作通信策略在无线传感器网络中的应用适用度,文章进一步做了优势劣势比较。同时,本文提出将误码率为协作通信在无线传感器网络环境下的首要指标。考虑到无线传感器节点的电源能量极其有限,协作通信在无线传感器网络中的应用必须进行功率优化分配。本文先为单中继三端协作通信系统建立了系统模型,依次对不同的协作通信传输策略进行了误码率分析,得出了一些误码率上下限值的有用结论。并且,通过仿真实验,进一步分析了中继节点所处的信道质量与当前最优传输策略的关系。在此基础上,本文以误码率最小化为优化目标,为放大转发(AF)策略提出了两种利用拉格朗日乘数法推导的功率优化分配算法:第一种算法利用误码率下限来代替平均误码率进行功率优化分配,而第二种算法则利用一个渐近平均误码率表达式来代替平均误码率进行功率优化分配。仿真实验结果显示,文章提出的功率优化算法能有效的降低系统误码率,提高系统性能。

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