Purpose of Radio frequency Identification and Detection system is to facilitate data transmission through the portable device known as tag that is read with the help of RFID reader. Information transmitted with the help of tag offers location or identification along with other specifics of product tagged – purchase date, color, and price.
The RFID tags are configured to respond and receive signals from an RFID transceiver. This allows tags to be read from a distance. The RFID system has gained wide acceptance in businesses, and is gradually replacing the barcode system.
Basic RFID consists of an antenna, transceiver and transponder. Antenna emits the radio signals to activate tag and to read as well as write information to it. Reader emits the radio waves, ranging from one to 100 inches, on the basis of used radio frequency and power output. While passing through electronic magnetic zone, RFID tag detects activation signals of readers.
Powered by its internal battery or by the reader signals, the tag sends radio waves back to the reader. Reader receives these waves and identifies the frequency to generate a unique ID. Reader then decodes data encoded in integrated circuit of tags and transmits it to the computers for use. Just like you can tune a radio in various frequencies for listening to different channels, RFID readers and tags need to be tuned in to a same frequency for communication. RFID system uses various frequencies but most common and popularly used frequency is low (125 KHz), high (13.56 MHz) and ultra high frequency (860-960 MHz).
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