Despite numerous precautions, fire accidents still occur, risking human lives during rescues and firefighting. With advancements in robotics, we can now replace humans with robots for firefighting, enhancing efficiency and safety.
In this project, we'll build a simple fire-fighting robot using Arduino that detects fire, moves towards it, and pumps water to extinguish it. This basic robot will teach the fundamental concepts of robotics, paving the way for creating more advanced robots in the future. Let's get started!
Materials Required:
- Arduino UNO
- Fire sensor or Flame sensor (3)
- Servo Motor (SG90)
- L293D motor driver module
- Mini DC Submersible Pump
- Small breadboard
- Robot chassis with motors (2) and wheels (2)
- Small can
- Connecting wires
Circuit Diagram:
Here is the complete circuit diagram for the Fire Fighting Robot:
Connect all the shown connections either before or after assembling the bot. The connections are simple and should be straightforward.
Depending on your chassis, you might need to modify the container setup for the pump. I used a small aluminum can for the water tank and mounted it on a servo motor to control the water direction. I attached the servo fin to the bottom of the can with hot glue and fixed the servo motor to the chassis with nuts and bolts. The pump inside the can pushes water through a tube, and the servo rotates the can to control the water direction.
Programming your Arduino:
Once your hardware is ready, upload the Arduino code. Key parts of the code are explained below.
- The fire sensor outputs HIGH when fire is detected and LOW when no fire is detected. Continuously check the sensors and stop the motors if no fire is detected.
- If fire is detected, the robot moves towards it. When the fire is directly ahead, the robot moves forward and sets a variable `fire` to true.
- When `fire` is true, the robot executes the `put_off_fire` function until the fire is extinguished.
- In `put_off_fire()`, the robot stops, turns on the pump, and uses the servo motor to spray water uniformly.
You can find the details of the code in the conclusion part.
Working of Fire Fighting Robot:
Test the robot step-by-step: first, ensure it can follow the fire using the sensors, then check the pump and servo motor functionality. Once everything works, run the complete program.
The robot's fire detection range depends on the fire size. Adjust the sensor sensitivity using the potentiometers on the modules. I powered the robot with a power bank, but you can use a battery or a 12V power source. Explore our Robotics Section for more DIY projects.
Conclusion:
This project demonstrates how to build a basic Fire Fighting Robot using Arduino, capable of detecting and extinguishing fires autonomously. If you need more detailed explanations, code, and additional resources, please visit our comprehensive article, Arduino Based Fire Fighting Robot.
