How to use Arduino Uno to connect USB keyboard to matrix keyboard?

Either I am looking in the wrong places or nobody has done this before.

What I am looking for is a way to read a USB keyboard that is attached to an extra USB port (as in the examples with D- and D+ to two/three? ports) and then write a matrix code to output.

To explain what I am trying to do in more detail. The old Sinclair ZX computers have a matrix keyboard.

For example the ZX81 has a 5x8 matrix. Five lines are selected one by one and pulled low over and over again. The pressed key pulls one out of 8 columns low. Shift key is special as it is the switch for the first bit only.

These membrane matrix keyboards tend to breakdown, their life expectancy is lower than 30 years :-)

So I'd like to find some way of using a standard USB keyboard instead.

I see several challenges:

1. Reading the USB keyboard. Looks like the USBHost library cannot be used for this???

2. Reading 5 lines (5x8 matrix) from the old retro computer line-select output (via interrupts), then if a character was received from the keyboard, translating it into 8 bit output. Should be doable as I know exactly which key is on what location, for instance if the current line is the first one, and a key '3' has been pressed without shift, then I can send a 00010000 byte, the first bit being shift. If the key was shift-3 (like '#' on some keyboards) then send 10010000.

3. Probably I got a shortage of ports on the Uno, if 3+5+8 are needed. Perhaps a way to feed a shift register with 8 bits output through one/two ports?

Or use the chipKIT Max32 that I have for this, hmmm lots more ports.

4. Somehow adjust to the timing factors of the old computer (keyboard repeats? control-shift-alt combinations?) and utilize buffers from the USB keyboard...

Of course the timing from the interrupts has the most important role. But I suspect the USB keyboard works with keypresses and releases, that might complicate things?

Can you guys please advise.

Regards, Martin

Top Replies

Former Member over 10 years ago +1 verified

Update. As no one solved this problem I have initiated a project for doing this. This project is finally finished: I have now an Arduino Uno with USB Host Shield, the USB Host Library 2.0 (from GitHub…

Parents

0 Former Member over 9 years ago

See picture for the 4051 circuit (E is pin3). Using a 4066 for Shift 'bypass' to enable shifted keys (A0 to D0).

The Arduino Sketch code:
#include
<hidboot.h>
#include
<usbhub.h>
//
Satisfy IDE, which only needs to see the include statment in the ino.
#ifdef
dobogusinclude
#include
<spi4teensy3.h>
#include
<SPI.h>
#endif

// Version
0.5, 30 April 2015 by Martin Ederveen, Flywheel IT.
// This
version includes the logic for transfer to 8x5 keyboard matrix.
// Like
used in 1980's computers as Sinclair ZX81.
//
Together with USB Shield on Arduino converts a USB keyboard to work with an 8x5
//
matrix, as used in a ZX81.
//
14-05-2015 changed output to bit coded version for use with CD74HC4051

// Logic
explained:
// ZX81
uses Address lines A8-A15 to scan the 8x5 keyboard matrix.
// The
scanning signal is a LOW in sequence on these lines.
// If a
key is pressed, a corresponding code will exist on Data lines D0-D4,
//
called KeyBD in on the ZX81, input lines into the ULA.
// The
Arduino enables the correct Address line and the corresponding Data lines.
// It
reads the USB input, translates the pressed key into Address (column) and
// Data
(row) codes and enables it through setting the corresponding output ports.
// Shift
is treated as an exception, as it is used together with other keys.
// So it
is enabled through a special port.
// The logic
is done through TTL hardware.

boolean
sh = false; // init Shift indicator

class
KbdRptParser : public KeyboardReportParser
{
    void PrintKey(uint8_t mod, uint8_t key);

protected:
    void OnControlKeysChanged(uint8_t before,
uint8_t after);

    void OnKeyDown        (uint8_t mod, uint8_t key);
    void OnKeyUp              (uint8_t mod, uint8_t key);
    void OnKeyPressed(uint8_t key);
};

void
KbdRptParser::PrintKey(uint8_t m, uint8_t key)
{
MODIFIERKEYS mod;
*((uint8_t*)&mod) = m;
Serial.print((mod.bmLeftCtrl   == 1) ? "C" : " ");
Serial.print((mod.bmLeftShift == 1) ? "S" : " ");
Serial.print((mod.bmLeftAlt    == 1) ? "A" : " ");
Serial.print((mod.bmLeftGUI    == 1) ? "G" : " ");

Serial.print(" >");
PrintHex<uint8_t>(key, 0x80);
Serial.print("< ");

Serial.print((mod.bmRightCtrl   == 1) ? "C" : " ");
Serial.print((mod.bmRightShift == 1) ? "S" : " ");
Serial.print((mod.bmRightAlt    == 1) ? "A" : " ");
Serial.println((mod.bmRightGUI    == 1) ? "G" : " ");

};

void KbdRptParser::OnKeyDown(uint8_t
mod, uint8_t key)
{
Serial.print("DN ");
PrintKey(mod, key);
uint8_t c = OemToAscii(mod, key);

if (c) {
    OnKeyPressed(c);

    // Process the key that has been pressed
    ProcessKey(mod, key);
}
}

void
KbdRptParser::OnControlKeysChanged(uint8_t before, uint8_t after) {

MODIFIERKEYS beforeMod;
*((uint8_t*)&beforeMod) = before;

MODIFIERKEYS afterMod;
*((uint8_t*)&afterMod) = after;

if (beforeMod.bmLeftCtrl !=
afterMod.bmLeftCtrl) {
    Serial.println("LeftCtrl
changed");
}
if (beforeMod.bmLeftShift !=
afterMod.bmLeftShift) {
    sh = !sh;
    if (sh) SetShift();
    else ResetShift();

    Serial.println("LeftShift
changed");
}
if (beforeMod.bmLeftAlt !=
afterMod.bmLeftAlt) {
    Serial.println("LeftAlt
changed");
}
if (beforeMod.bmLeftGUI !=
afterMod.bmLeftGUI) {
    Serial.println("LeftGUI
changed");
}

if (beforeMod.bmRightCtrl !=
afterMod.bmRightCtrl) {
    Serial.println("RightCtrl
changed");
}
if (beforeMod.bmRightShift !=
afterMod.bmRightShift) {
    sh = !sh;
    if (sh) SetShift();
    else ResetShift();

    Serial.println("RightShift
changed");
}
if (beforeMod.bmRightAlt !=
afterMod.bmRightAlt) {
    Serial.println("RightAlt
changed");
}
if (beforeMod.bmRightGUI !=
afterMod.bmRightGUI) {
    Serial.println("RightGUI
changed");
}

}

void
KbdRptParser::OnKeyUp(uint8_t mod, uint8_t key)
{
Serial.print("UP ");
PrintKey(mod, key);

// Disable rows and columns
DisableAll();
}

void
KbdRptParser::OnKeyPressed(uint8_t key)
{
Serial.print("ASCII: ");
Serial.println((char)key);
};

USB     Usb;
//USBHub     Hub(&Usb);
HIDBoot<HID_PROTOCOL_KEYBOARD>    HidKeyboard(&Usb);

uint32_t
next_time;

KbdRptParser
Prs;

void
setup()
{
Serial.begin( 115200 );
#if
!defined(__MIPSEL__)
while (!Serial); // Wait for serial port to
connect - used on Leonardo, Teensy and other boards with built-in USB CDC
serial connection
#endif
Serial.println("Start");

if (Usb.Init() == -1)
    Serial.println("OSC did not
start.");

delay( 200 );

next_time = millis() + 5000;

HidKeyboard.SetReportParser(0,
(HIDReportParser*)&Prs);

//
Actually Port 0 and 1 are in use in this prototype, so cannnot use PORTD
//
Serialprint uses this, so unless deactivating serialprint, need to find
//
alternative ports
// DDRD
= B11111111; // sets Arduino port D, pins 0-7 as output
// PORTD = B11111111; // init all HIGH

// Enable ports for A8-A15 address columns
and D0-D4 data rows
// using Arduino Port 2-7 for select, 8 for
enable and 9 for Shift bypass
// address lines A8-A15 select S0-S2
pinMode(2, OUTPUT); // aS0
pinMode(3, OUTPUT); // aS1
pinMode(4, OUTPUT); // aS2
// data lines D0-D4 select S0-S2
pinMode(5, OUTPUT); // dS0
pinMode(6, OUTPUT); // dS1
pinMode(7, OUTPUT); // sS2

// enable rows and columns
pinMode(8, OUTPUT); // enable

// Shift indicator bypasse enable
pinMode(9, OUTPUT); // Shift

// Init of all ports this way
digitalWrite(2, HIGH); // init
digitalWrite(3, HIGH); // init
digitalWrite(4, HIGH); // init
digitalWrite(5, HIGH); // init
digitalWrite(6, HIGH); // init
digitalWrite(7, HIGH); // init
digitalWrite(8, HIGH); // init
digitalWrite(9, LOW); // init

}

void SetShift()
{
digitalWrite(9, HIGH); // Shift = Yes
}

void
ResetShift() {
digitalWrite(9, LOW); // Shift = No
}

void
DisableAll () {
digitalWrite(8, HIGH); // disable
}

void
EnableAll () {
digitalWrite(8, LOW); // enable
}

void
SelectA8() {
digitalWrite(2, LOW);
digitalWrite(3, LOW);
digitalWrite(4, LOW);
}

void
SelectA9() {
digitalWrite(2, HIGH);
digitalWrite(3, LOW);
digitalWrite(4, LOW);
}

void
SelectA10() {
digitalWrite(2, LOW);
digitalWrite(3, HIGH);
digitalWrite(4, LOW);
}

void
SelectA11() {
digitalWrite(2, HIGH);
digitalWrite(3, HIGH);
digitalWrite(4, LOW);
}

void
SelectA12() {
digitalWrite(2, LOW);
digitalWrite(3, LOW);
digitalWrite(4, HIGH);
}

void
SelectA13() {
digitalWrite(2, HIGH);
digitalWrite(3, LOW);
digitalWrite(4, HIGH);
}

void
SelectA14() {
digitalWrite(2, LOW);
digitalWrite(3, HIGH);
digitalWrite(4, HIGH);
}

void
SelectA15() {
digitalWrite(2, HIGH);
digitalWrite(3, HIGH);
digitalWrite(4, HIGH);
}

void
SetD0() {
digitalWrite(5, LOW);
digitalWrite(6, LOW);
digitalWrite(7, LOW);
EnableAll();
}

void
SetD1() {
digitalWrite(5, HIGH);
digitalWrite(6, LOW);
digitalWrite(7, LOW);
EnableAll();
}

void
SetD2() {
digitalWrite(5, LOW);
digitalWrite(6, HIGH);
digitalWrite(7, LOW);
EnableAll();
}

void
SetD3() {
digitalWrite(5, HIGH);
digitalWrite(6, HIGH);
digitalWrite(7, LOW);
EnableAll();
}

void
SetD4() {
digitalWrite(5, LOW);
digitalWrite(6, LOW);
digitalWrite(7, HIGH);
EnableAll();
}

void
ProcessKey(uint8_t m, uint8_t key) {

// Find the column for the key
switch (key) {

    // A8 column
    case 0x1D : { // Z A8 and D1
      SetD1();
      SelectA8();
      break;
    }
    case 0x1B : { // X A8 and D2
      SetD2();
      SelectA8();
      break;
    }
    case 0x06 : { // C A8 and D3
      SetD3();
      SelectA8();
      break;
    }
    case 0x19 : { // V A8 and D4
      SetD4();
      SelectA8();
      break;
    }

// A9
column
    case 0x04 : { // A A9 and D0
      SetD0();
      SelectA9();
      break;
    }
    case 0x16 : { // S A9 and D1
      SetD1();
      SelectA9();
      break;
    }
    case 0x07 : { // D A9 and D2
      SetD2();
      SelectA9();
      break;
    }
    case 0x09 : { // F A9 and D3

SetD3();
      SelectA9();
      break;
    }
    case 0x0A : { // G A9 and D4
      SetD4();
      SelectA9();
      break;
    }

// A10
column
    case 0x14 : { // Q A10 and D0
      SetD0();
      SelectA10();
      break;
    }
    case 0x1A : { // W A10 and D1
      SetD1();
      SelectA10();
      break;
    }
    case 0x08 : { // E A10 and D2
      SetD2();
      SelectA10();
      break;
    }
    case 0x15 : { // R A10 and D3
      SetD3();
      SelectA10();
      break;
    }
    case 0x17 : { // T A10 and D4
      SetD4();
      SelectA10();
      break;
    }

// A11
column
    case 0x1E : { // 1 A11 and D0
      SetD0();
      SelectA11();
      break;
    }
    case 0x1F : { // 2 A11 and D1
      SetD1();
      SelectA11();
      break;
    }
    case 0x20 : { // 3 A11 and D2
      SetD2();
      SelectA11();
      break;
    }
    case 0x21 : { // 4 A11 and D3
      SetD3();
      SelectA11();
      break;
    }
    case 0x22 : { // 5 A11 and D4
      SetD4();
      SelectA11();
      break;
    }

// A12
column
    case 0x27 : { // 0 A12 and D0
      SetD0();
      SelectA12();
      break;
    }
    case 0x26 : { // 9 A12 and D1
      SetD1();
      SelectA12();
      break;
    }
    case 0x25 : { // 8 A12 and D2
      SetD2();
      SelectA12();
      break;
    }
    case 0x24 : { // 7 A12 and D3
      SetD3();
      SelectA12();
      break;
    }
    case 0x23 : { // 6 A12 and D4
      SetD4();
      SelectA12();
      break;
    }

// A13
column
    case 0x13: { // P A13 and D0
      SetD0();
      SelectA13();
      break;
    }
    case 0x12 : { // O A13 and D1
      SetD1();
      SelectA13();
      break;
    }
    case 0x0C : { // I A13 and D2
      SetD2();
      SelectA13();
      break;
    }
    case 0x18 : { // U A13 and D3
      SetD3();
      SelectA13();
      break;
    }
    case 0x1C : { // Y A13 and D4
      SetD4();
      SelectA13();
      break;
    }

// A14
column
    case 0x28 : { // ENTER A14 and D0
      SetD0();
      SelectA14();
      break;
    }
    case 0x0F : { // L A14 and D1
      SetD1();
      SelectA14();
      break;
    }
    case 0x0E : { // K A14 and D2
      SetD2();
      SelectA14();
      break;
    }
    case 0x0D : { // J A14 and D3
      SetD3();
      SelectA14();
      break;
    }
    case 0x0B : { // H A14 and D4
      SetD4();
      SelectA14();
      break;
    }

// A15
column
    case 0x2C : { // SPACE A15 and D0
      SetD0();
      SelectA15();
      break;
    }
    case 0x37 : { // . A15 and D1
      SetD1();
      SelectA15();
      break;
    }
    case 0x10 : { // M A15 and D2
      SetD2();
      SelectA15();
      break;
    }
    case 0x11 : { // N A15 and D3
      SetD3();
      SelectA15();
      break;
    }
    case 0x05 : { // B A15 and D4
      SetD4();
      SelectA15();
      break;
    }
}
} // end
ProcessKey

void
loop()
{
Usb.Task();
}
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0 Former Member over 9 years ago

See picture for the 4051 circuit (E is pin3). Using a 4066 for Shift 'bypass' to enable shifted keys (A0 to D0).

The Arduino Sketch code:
#include
<hidboot.h>
#include
<usbhub.h>
//
Satisfy IDE, which only needs to see the include statment in the ino.
#ifdef
dobogusinclude
#include
<spi4teensy3.h>
#include
<SPI.h>
#endif

// Version
0.5, 30 April 2015 by Martin Ederveen, Flywheel IT.
// This
version includes the logic for transfer to 8x5 keyboard matrix.
// Like
used in 1980's computers as Sinclair ZX81.
//
Together with USB Shield on Arduino converts a USB keyboard to work with an 8x5
//
matrix, as used in a ZX81.
//
14-05-2015 changed output to bit coded version for use with CD74HC4051

// Logic
explained:
// ZX81
uses Address lines A8-A15 to scan the 8x5 keyboard matrix.
// The
scanning signal is a LOW in sequence on these lines.
// If a
key is pressed, a corresponding code will exist on Data lines D0-D4,
//
called KeyBD in on the ZX81, input lines into the ULA.
// The
Arduino enables the correct Address line and the corresponding Data lines.
// It
reads the USB input, translates the pressed key into Address (column) and
// Data
(row) codes and enables it through setting the corresponding output ports.
// Shift
is treated as an exception, as it is used together with other keys.
// So it
is enabled through a special port.
// The logic
is done through TTL hardware.

boolean
sh = false; // init Shift indicator

class
KbdRptParser : public KeyboardReportParser
{
    void PrintKey(uint8_t mod, uint8_t key);

protected:
    void OnControlKeysChanged(uint8_t before,
uint8_t after);

    void OnKeyDown        (uint8_t mod, uint8_t key);
    void OnKeyUp              (uint8_t mod, uint8_t key);
    void OnKeyPressed(uint8_t key);
};

void
KbdRptParser::PrintKey(uint8_t m, uint8_t key)
{
MODIFIERKEYS mod;
*((uint8_t*)&mod) = m;
Serial.print((mod.bmLeftCtrl   == 1) ? "C" : " ");
Serial.print((mod.bmLeftShift == 1) ? "S" : " ");
Serial.print((mod.bmLeftAlt    == 1) ? "A" : " ");
Serial.print((mod.bmLeftGUI    == 1) ? "G" : " ");

Serial.print(" >");
PrintHex<uint8_t>(key, 0x80);
Serial.print("< ");

Serial.print((mod.bmRightCtrl   == 1) ? "C" : " ");
Serial.print((mod.bmRightShift == 1) ? "S" : " ");
Serial.print((mod.bmRightAlt    == 1) ? "A" : " ");
Serial.println((mod.bmRightGUI    == 1) ? "G" : " ");

};

void KbdRptParser::OnKeyDown(uint8_t
mod, uint8_t key)
{
Serial.print("DN ");
PrintKey(mod, key);
uint8_t c = OemToAscii(mod, key);

if (c) {
    OnKeyPressed(c);

    // Process the key that has been pressed
    ProcessKey(mod, key);
}
}

void
KbdRptParser::OnControlKeysChanged(uint8_t before, uint8_t after) {

MODIFIERKEYS beforeMod;
*((uint8_t*)&beforeMod) = before;

MODIFIERKEYS afterMod;
*((uint8_t*)&afterMod) = after;

if (beforeMod.bmLeftCtrl !=
afterMod.bmLeftCtrl) {
    Serial.println("LeftCtrl
changed");
}
if (beforeMod.bmLeftShift !=
afterMod.bmLeftShift) {
    sh = !sh;
    if (sh) SetShift();
    else ResetShift();

    Serial.println("LeftShift
changed");
}
if (beforeMod.bmLeftAlt !=
afterMod.bmLeftAlt) {
    Serial.println("LeftAlt
changed");
}
if (beforeMod.bmLeftGUI !=
afterMod.bmLeftGUI) {
    Serial.println("LeftGUI
changed");
}

if (beforeMod.bmRightCtrl !=
afterMod.bmRightCtrl) {
    Serial.println("RightCtrl
changed");
}
if (beforeMod.bmRightShift !=
afterMod.bmRightShift) {
    sh = !sh;
    if (sh) SetShift();
    else ResetShift();

    Serial.println("RightShift
changed");
}
if (beforeMod.bmRightAlt !=
afterMod.bmRightAlt) {
    Serial.println("RightAlt
changed");
}
if (beforeMod.bmRightGUI !=
afterMod.bmRightGUI) {
    Serial.println("RightGUI
changed");
}

}

void
KbdRptParser::OnKeyUp(uint8_t mod, uint8_t key)
{
Serial.print("UP ");
PrintKey(mod, key);

// Disable rows and columns
DisableAll();
}

void
KbdRptParser::OnKeyPressed(uint8_t key)
{
Serial.print("ASCII: ");
Serial.println((char)key);
};

USB     Usb;
//USBHub     Hub(&Usb);
HIDBoot<HID_PROTOCOL_KEYBOARD>    HidKeyboard(&Usb);

uint32_t
next_time;

KbdRptParser
Prs;

void
setup()
{
Serial.begin( 115200 );
#if
!defined(__MIPSEL__)
while (!Serial); // Wait for serial port to
connect - used on Leonardo, Teensy and other boards with built-in USB CDC
serial connection
#endif
Serial.println("Start");

if (Usb.Init() == -1)
    Serial.println("OSC did not
start.");

delay( 200 );

next_time = millis() + 5000;

HidKeyboard.SetReportParser(0,
(HIDReportParser*)&Prs);

//
Actually Port 0 and 1 are in use in this prototype, so cannnot use PORTD
//
Serialprint uses this, so unless deactivating serialprint, need to find
//
alternative ports
// DDRD
= B11111111; // sets Arduino port D, pins 0-7 as output
// PORTD = B11111111; // init all HIGH

// Enable ports for A8-A15 address columns
and D0-D4 data rows
// using Arduino Port 2-7 for select, 8 for
enable and 9 for Shift bypass
// address lines A8-A15 select S0-S2
pinMode(2, OUTPUT); // aS0
pinMode(3, OUTPUT); // aS1
pinMode(4, OUTPUT); // aS2
// data lines D0-D4 select S0-S2
pinMode(5, OUTPUT); // dS0
pinMode(6, OUTPUT); // dS1
pinMode(7, OUTPUT); // sS2

// enable rows and columns
pinMode(8, OUTPUT); // enable

// Shift indicator bypasse enable
pinMode(9, OUTPUT); // Shift

// Init of all ports this way
digitalWrite(2, HIGH); // init
digitalWrite(3, HIGH); // init
digitalWrite(4, HIGH); // init
digitalWrite(5, HIGH); // init
digitalWrite(6, HIGH); // init
digitalWrite(7, HIGH); // init
digitalWrite(8, HIGH); // init
digitalWrite(9, LOW); // init

}

void SetShift()
{
digitalWrite(9, HIGH); // Shift = Yes
}

void
ResetShift() {
digitalWrite(9, LOW); // Shift = No
}

void
DisableAll () {
digitalWrite(8, HIGH); // disable
}

void
EnableAll () {
digitalWrite(8, LOW); // enable
}

void
SelectA8() {
digitalWrite(2, LOW);
digitalWrite(3, LOW);
digitalWrite(4, LOW);
}

void
SelectA9() {
digitalWrite(2, HIGH);
digitalWrite(3, LOW);
digitalWrite(4, LOW);
}

void
SelectA10() {
digitalWrite(2, LOW);
digitalWrite(3, HIGH);
digitalWrite(4, LOW);
}

void
SelectA11() {
digitalWrite(2, HIGH);
digitalWrite(3, HIGH);
digitalWrite(4, LOW);
}

void
SelectA12() {
digitalWrite(2, LOW);
digitalWrite(3, LOW);
digitalWrite(4, HIGH);
}

void
SelectA13() {
digitalWrite(2, HIGH);
digitalWrite(3, LOW);
digitalWrite(4, HIGH);
}

void
SelectA14() {
digitalWrite(2, LOW);
digitalWrite(3, HIGH);
digitalWrite(4, HIGH);
}

void
SelectA15() {
digitalWrite(2, HIGH);
digitalWrite(3, HIGH);
digitalWrite(4, HIGH);
}

void
SetD0() {
digitalWrite(5, LOW);
digitalWrite(6, LOW);
digitalWrite(7, LOW);
EnableAll();
}

void
SetD1() {
digitalWrite(5, HIGH);
digitalWrite(6, LOW);
digitalWrite(7, LOW);
EnableAll();
}

void
SetD2() {
digitalWrite(5, LOW);
digitalWrite(6, HIGH);
digitalWrite(7, LOW);
EnableAll();
}

void
SetD3() {
digitalWrite(5, HIGH);
digitalWrite(6, HIGH);
digitalWrite(7, LOW);
EnableAll();
}

void
SetD4() {
digitalWrite(5, LOW);
digitalWrite(6, LOW);
digitalWrite(7, HIGH);
EnableAll();
}

void
ProcessKey(uint8_t m, uint8_t key) {

// Find the column for the key
switch (key) {

    // A8 column
    case 0x1D : { // Z A8 and D1
      SetD1();
      SelectA8();
      break;
    }
    case 0x1B : { // X A8 and D2
      SetD2();
      SelectA8();
      break;
    }
    case 0x06 : { // C A8 and D3
      SetD3();
      SelectA8();
      break;
    }
    case 0x19 : { // V A8 and D4
      SetD4();
      SelectA8();
      break;
    }

// A9
column
    case 0x04 : { // A A9 and D0
      SetD0();
      SelectA9();
      break;
    }
    case 0x16 : { // S A9 and D1
      SetD1();
      SelectA9();
      break;
    }
    case 0x07 : { // D A9 and D2
      SetD2();
      SelectA9();
      break;
    }
    case 0x09 : { // F A9 and D3

SetD3();
      SelectA9();
      break;
    }
    case 0x0A : { // G A9 and D4
      SetD4();
      SelectA9();
      break;
    }

// A10
column
    case 0x14 : { // Q A10 and D0
      SetD0();
      SelectA10();
      break;
    }
    case 0x1A : { // W A10 and D1
      SetD1();
      SelectA10();
      break;
    }
    case 0x08 : { // E A10 and D2
      SetD2();
      SelectA10();
      break;
    }
    case 0x15 : { // R A10 and D3
      SetD3();
      SelectA10();
      break;
    }
    case 0x17 : { // T A10 and D4
      SetD4();
      SelectA10();
      break;
    }

// A11
column
    case 0x1E : { // 1 A11 and D0
      SetD0();
      SelectA11();
      break;
    }
    case 0x1F : { // 2 A11 and D1
      SetD1();
      SelectA11();
      break;
    }
    case 0x20 : { // 3 A11 and D2
      SetD2();
      SelectA11();
      break;
    }
    case 0x21 : { // 4 A11 and D3
      SetD3();
      SelectA11();
      break;
    }
    case 0x22 : { // 5 A11 and D4
      SetD4();
      SelectA11();
      break;
    }

// A12
column
    case 0x27 : { // 0 A12 and D0
      SetD0();
      SelectA12();
      break;
    }
    case 0x26 : { // 9 A12 and D1
      SetD1();
      SelectA12();
      break;
    }
    case 0x25 : { // 8 A12 and D2
      SetD2();
      SelectA12();
      break;
    }
    case 0x24 : { // 7 A12 and D3
      SetD3();
      SelectA12();
      break;
    }
    case 0x23 : { // 6 A12 and D4
      SetD4();
      SelectA12();
      break;
    }

// A13
column
    case 0x13: { // P A13 and D0
      SetD0();
      SelectA13();
      break;
    }
    case 0x12 : { // O A13 and D1
      SetD1();
      SelectA13();
      break;
    }
    case 0x0C : { // I A13 and D2
      SetD2();
      SelectA13();
      break;
    }
    case 0x18 : { // U A13 and D3
      SetD3();
      SelectA13();
      break;
    }
    case 0x1C : { // Y A13 and D4
      SetD4();
      SelectA13();
      break;
    }

// A14
column
    case 0x28 : { // ENTER A14 and D0
      SetD0();
      SelectA14();
      break;
    }
    case 0x0F : { // L A14 and D1
      SetD1();
      SelectA14();
      break;
    }
    case 0x0E : { // K A14 and D2
      SetD2();
      SelectA14();
      break;
    }
    case 0x0D : { // J A14 and D3
      SetD3();
      SelectA14();
      break;
    }
    case 0x0B : { // H A14 and D4
      SetD4();
      SelectA14();
      break;
    }

// A15
column
    case 0x2C : { // SPACE A15 and D0
      SetD0();
      SelectA15();
      break;
    }
    case 0x37 : { // . A15 and D1
      SetD1();
      SelectA15();
      break;
    }
    case 0x10 : { // M A15 and D2
      SetD2();
      SelectA15();
      break;
    }
    case 0x11 : { // N A15 and D3
      SetD3();
      SelectA15();
      break;
    }
    case 0x05 : { // B A15 and D4
      SetD4();
      SelectA15();
      break;
    }
}
} // end
ProcessKey

void
loop()
{
Usb.Task();
}
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