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Forum How to do a Double Byte XOR Checksum?
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  • checksum
  • data packets
  • serial communication
Related

How to do a Double Byte XOR Checksum?

Sean_Miller
Sean_Miller over 5 years ago

I have a data packet that states its data validation (check code) is verified by a double byte XOR.  I've Googled for a tutorial and came up empty.  I've tried to solve the puzzle in Excel to never get a match to serial data I captured with Putty.  I could use a tip on how the algorithm to apply.

 

The packet description is below.  Starting at position 8, the two byte CS item contains the check code and states it uses a double-byte XOR to verify the current data packet.  I've tried adding up all bytes starting at Si in series which equates to a two byte value.  I XOR it against the CS value I've assed to be xC4AD, but that didn't resolve to 0.

 

Should I be XORing blocks of 2 bytes and comparing to the CS value? 

 

 

image

 

image

 

Example packet:

        

AA 55 00 28 85 AE 9D 0C AD C4 00 00 00 00 00 00 32 00 00 2A 12 59 12 00 00 00 00 A6 1F E5 1F 8D 1F 6D 1F 0A 17 7D 17 62 55 09 1D B1 10 31 10 4D 10 7A 0F 61 0F 5D 0F 21 0F 19 0F 31 0F 49 0F 8D 0F 4E 6D 6D 1D 82 0D 84 0D 00 00 AE 1A 9D 1A 89 1A
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  • neuromodulator
    neuromodulator over 5 years ago +1
    It might be some parity check. Try to XOR all blocks of 2 bytes and check what you get
  • neuromodulator
    neuromodulator over 5 years ago +1
    Check the last part of the document: http://www.ydlidar.com/Public/upload/files/2019-12-18/YDLIDAR%20X2%20Development%20Manual.pdf It's poorly written, but they say that in case of 3 bytes 1 byte get padded…
  • neuromodulator
    neuromodulator over 5 years ago +1
    Leave the lidar scanning for a while and letme know if you find a checksum error. I suspect thst you wont
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  • neuromodulator
    neuromodulator over 5 years ago

    It might be some parity check. Try to XOR all blocks of 2 bytes and check what you get

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  • Sean_Miller
    Sean_Miller over 5 years ago in reply to neuromodulator

    Tried it, but still didn't land on the check code given in the packet.

     

    But first, I found that the number of sample points was 9 bytes short in my original packet I was assessing.  The LS value says there should be 40 sample points.  So, I extracted from the stream of serial data a segment that had 80 bytes after the CS packet item.  This should be correct since each sample point is made of two bytes (80/2=40).

     

    In the new packet shown below, the check code is 0x0E63

     

    I made this routine in Excel to process the double byte XORs.  Unfortunately, it gives C7 01 or 0x01C7 in little endian format.

     

    Here's the algorithm:

    1. pass a comma delimited string of decimal values representing the original hex data
    2. split the string into a string array representing each byte in succession
    3. loop through the string array to create two arrays of bytes to process.  The arrays represent a left side column and a right side column to process.
    4. loop through the newly formed columns to xor each side
    5. present the answer in a message box

     

    I'm wondering if step 4 is where I'm not thinking right on processing it????

     

    Sub doer()
        MsgBox (my_checksum("0,0,182,12,228,12,30,5,29,5,0,0,50,13,0,0,0,0,36,13,4,13,244,12,228,12,216,12,204,12,201,12,185,12,177,12,169,12,165,12,161,12,153,12,153,12,149,12,149,12,145,12,145,12,145,12,145,12,145,12,149,12,157,12,161,12,161,12,165,12,177,12,181,12,193,12,197,12,208,12"))
    End Sub
    Function my_checksum(str As String) As String
        Dim bytes() As String
        Dim left_byte(100) As Byte
        Dim right_byte(100) As Byte
        Dim left_xor As Byte
        Dim right_xor As Byte
        Dim tt As Integer
        
        bytes = Split(str, ",")
        
        ' tt will index the new byte array we parse
        tt = 0
        ' Convert the strings to integers and then to bytes.  Make a left column and right column to process next with the xor operation
        For ii = 0 To UBound(bytes) - 1 Step 2
            left_byte(tt) = CByte(CInt(bytes(ii)))
            right_byte(tt) = CByte(CInt(bytes(ii + 1)))
            tt = tt + 1
        Next
        
        ' tt will now represent the upper bound of our byte arrays below
        tt = tt - 1
        
        
        left_xor = 0
        right_xor = 0
        
        ' perform the xor operation in double byte fashion
        For ii = 0 To tt
            left_xor = left_xor Xor left_byte(ii)
            right_xor = right_xor Xor right_byte(ii)
        Next
        
        my_checksum = ((Hex(left_xor) & " " & Hex(right_xor)))
    End Function

     

     

      

    Hex00B60CE40C1E51D500320D0000240D40DF40CE40CD80CCC0CC90CB90CB10CA90CA50CA10C990C990C950C950C910C910C910C910C910C950C9D0CA10CA10CA50CB10CB50CC10CC50CD00C
    Decimal001821222812305295005013000036134132441222812216122041220112185121771216912165121611215312153121491214912145121451214512145121451214912157121611216112165121771218112193121971220812
    PHCTLSFSALSACSS1S2
    012345678910111213
    AA550028F931F743630E0000B60C...
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  • Sean_Miller
    Sean_Miller over 5 years ago in reply to neuromodulator

    Tried it, but still didn't land on the check code given in the packet.

     

    But first, I found that the number of sample points was 9 bytes short in my original packet I was assessing.  The LS value says there should be 40 sample points.  So, I extracted from the stream of serial data a segment that had 80 bytes after the CS packet item.  This should be correct since each sample point is made of two bytes (80/2=40).

     

    In the new packet shown below, the check code is 0x0E63

     

    I made this routine in Excel to process the double byte XORs.  Unfortunately, it gives C7 01 or 0x01C7 in little endian format.

     

    Here's the algorithm:

    1. pass a comma delimited string of decimal values representing the original hex data
    2. split the string into a string array representing each byte in succession
    3. loop through the string array to create two arrays of bytes to process.  The arrays represent a left side column and a right side column to process.
    4. loop through the newly formed columns to xor each side
    5. present the answer in a message box

     

    I'm wondering if step 4 is where I'm not thinking right on processing it????

     

    Sub doer()
        MsgBox (my_checksum("0,0,182,12,228,12,30,5,29,5,0,0,50,13,0,0,0,0,36,13,4,13,244,12,228,12,216,12,204,12,201,12,185,12,177,12,169,12,165,12,161,12,153,12,153,12,149,12,149,12,145,12,145,12,145,12,145,12,145,12,149,12,157,12,161,12,161,12,165,12,177,12,181,12,193,12,197,12,208,12"))
    End Sub
    Function my_checksum(str As String) As String
        Dim bytes() As String
        Dim left_byte(100) As Byte
        Dim right_byte(100) As Byte
        Dim left_xor As Byte
        Dim right_xor As Byte
        Dim tt As Integer
        
        bytes = Split(str, ",")
        
        ' tt will index the new byte array we parse
        tt = 0
        ' Convert the strings to integers and then to bytes.  Make a left column and right column to process next with the xor operation
        For ii = 0 To UBound(bytes) - 1 Step 2
            left_byte(tt) = CByte(CInt(bytes(ii)))
            right_byte(tt) = CByte(CInt(bytes(ii + 1)))
            tt = tt + 1
        Next
        
        ' tt will now represent the upper bound of our byte arrays below
        tt = tt - 1
        
        
        left_xor = 0
        right_xor = 0
        
        ' perform the xor operation in double byte fashion
        For ii = 0 To tt
            left_xor = left_xor Xor left_byte(ii)
            right_xor = right_xor Xor right_byte(ii)
        Next
        
        my_checksum = ((Hex(left_xor) & " " & Hex(right_xor)))
    End Function

     

     

      

    Hex00B60CE40C1E51D500320D0000240D40DF40CE40CD80CCC0CC90CB90CB10CA90CA50CA10C990C990C950C950C910C910C910C910C910C950C9D0CA10CA10CA50CB10CB50CC10CC50CD00C
    Decimal001821222812305295005013000036134132441222812216122041220112185121771216912165121611215312153121491214912145121451214512145121451214912157121611216112165121771218112193121971220812
    PHCTLSFSALSACSS1S2
    012345678910111213
    AA550028F931F743630E0000B60C...
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