Led applique murale 230v

Question

Bonjour, 
 
 Je dois r&eacute;aliser un sch&eacute;ma et PCB pour un prototype d&rsquo;une applique murale qui alimentera 2 x 15 Led&rsquo;s avec une tension d&rsquo;entr&eacute;e en 230v. 
 Le mod&egrave;le d&rsquo;applique que je dessine en 3D ne me permet d&rsquo;y placer un driver &laquo; tout fait &raquo; par manque de place. 
 
 Comme je souhaite un &eacute;clairage &laquo; fort &raquo;, je compte me diriger vers des Led&rsquo;s 5050 en 4000k. 
 Ma premi&egrave;re question est : Est-ce le bon choix sachant que je n&rsquo;ai pas beaucoup de place pour loger l&rsquo;&eacute;lectronique et que je lis que les Led5050 chauffe beaucoup ? 
 
 Quelles Led utiliserez-vous ? 
 
 Le type de Led que je vais utiliser d&eacute;terminera les valeurs des r&eacute;sistance/condensateurs, &hellip; 
 Merci pour votre aide 
 Luc

AngelSoto · Answer

Here is a more detailed approach that might help you evaluate your LED choice and design the board more effectively: 
 Designing a Compact LED Wall Light Module (230 VAC &rarr; LED Board) 
 When designing a compact wall light fed directly from 230 VAC, the main challenge is how to combine strong illumination with very limited space for electronics. In such situations, the best approach is often to separate the driver from the LED board. 
 
 LED Package Choice 
 Using 5050 LEDs is possible, but they are not the most efficient option today. They tend to generate more heat per unit area and are less effective in terms of lm/W compared to modern packages. A better alternative is to select 2835 or 3030 LEDs . These provide better luminous efficacy, improved thermal handling thanks to their pad design, and are widely available in different flux bins and CRI ratings. 
 
 Current Driver Placement 
 Placing a complete current-controlled driver outside the 3D mechanical housing is usually the cleanest solution. Inside the fixture, you then only need a minimal PCB with the LEDs themselves and basic protections. This approach makes thermal design easier, reduces the risk of overheating, and allows the use of standard drivers without being limited by the internal geometry of the luminaire. 
 
 Voltage and Current Considerations 
 The way you wire the LEDs directly influences the driver selection:

One single series chain : all LEDs in series ensure perfect current sharing, but the forward voltage adds up. You must check that the driver can provide the required voltage at the chosen current.

Two independent chains : each with its own current regulation or balancing resistors. This keeps the voltage lower and may help with safety considerations, but adds a bit of complexity.

Before fixing the topology, calculate the total forward voltage and required current, and then confirm that the chosen driver matches that range. 
 
 PCB and Thermal Design

Use aluminum-based MCPCB to spread heat effectively.

Mount the board with thermal paste or pads to the metallic body of the luminaire, letting the housing act as a heatsink.

Space the LEDs evenly to avoid hot spots.

Keep good ground and power planes , and ensure traces are wide enough for the current you intend to drive.

Thermal performance is critical: LEDs may survive at higher junction temperatures, but their lifetime and luminous maintenance drop sharply if the heat is not managed well. 
 
 Protections on the LED Board 
 Depending on the budget and expected lifetime, you can add more or fewer protective components:

TVS diodes if cable runs are long and susceptible to transients.

Balancing resistors if you use parallel chains.

Reverse polarity or transient diode to avoid accidental damage.

Small fuse in series to protect against catastrophic failure.

Optional shunt diode or LED protector per LED to keep the chain alive if one LED fails open.

Power Quality at Low Wattages 
 For low-power lighting, don&rsquo;t forget to check power factor and harmonics requirements if they apply to your region or to the type of project. Some markets require a minimum power factor above a certain wattage, even for LED luminaires. Ensuring your chosen driver already meets those requirements saves headaches later. 
 
 Closing Thoughts 
 In summary, the practical approach is:

Choose efficient LED packages such as 2835 or 3030 .

Keep the driver external , leaving only a slim LED board inside.

Pay attention to voltage/current ranges when deciding series or parallel wiring.

Use MCPCB with proper thermal coupling to the luminaire body.

Add protections in line with the durability and reliability targets of your project, including optional shunt protection per LED.

Remember power quality considerations if relevant.

This strategy balances performance, reliability, and manufacturability while giving you freedom to design a compact mechanical housing without compromising the electrical side. 
 
 R&eacute;sum&eacute; en fran&ccedil;ais 
 Dans ce projet, on s&eacute;pare le driver LED de la carte LED. Le driver est &agrave; l&rsquo;ext&eacute;rieur et la carte &agrave; l&rsquo;int&eacute;rieur est tr&egrave;s simple, avec seulement les LED et quelques protections. Les LED 2835 ou 3030 sont mieux que les 5050 parce qu&rsquo;elles donnent plus de lumi&egrave;re et chauffent moins. Il faut bien faire le routage, utiliser une plaque MCPCB pour enlever la chaleur, et ajouter des protections (fusible, TVS, ou shunt pour chaque LED).

Led applique murale 230v

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