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Polls Raspberry Pi 2: Which OS is best?
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  • Author Author: biglesp
  • Date Created: 18 May 2015 9:54 AM Date Created
  • Last Updated Last Updated: 11 Oct 2021 3:01 PM
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Raspberry Pi 2: Which OS is best?

16248420710_34e2a2339b_z_d.jpg

When we think of the Raspberry Pi operating system we instantly think of the giant raspberry wallpaper that is prominently placed on the Raspbian desktop. But is Raspbian still the best distro for the Pi? Well we put Raspbian up against two new distros for the Raspberry Pi, but these are well known distros in the world of Linux and their pedigree is hard to beat. Ubuntu has been a runaway success on the desktop and has converted thousands of users since it’s release in the mid 2000s, it has even recently spawned a version for mobile devices. Fedora is another big distro, coming from Red Hat and considered the leading name in open source solutions. Fedora is Red Hat’s bleeding edge product that often tests new innovations and technologies for Enterprise class products. Both of these distros have enjoyed a long and prominent history in the Linux community and their entrance to the Raspberry Pi community is something to get excited about.

 

There are many more distros for the Raspberry Pi but for this feature we wanted to show two strong new contenders against the de facto standard that is Raspbian.

 

So can Ubuntu or Fedora beat Raspbian’s dominance in the Raspberry Pi community? Or is Raspbian the perfect example of what a Raspberry Pi distro should aim to be? Let’s find out.

 

For all of these reviews we created a baseline to ensure a fair test.

  • A Raspberry Pi 2 Model B
  • No overclocking or tinkering of hardware
  • 8GB SD card that came with our Pi

 

 

Raspbian

The de facto standard for Raspberry Pi projects but does it still meet the needs of the user?


Download link

 

16749044389_2317edc558_b_d.jpg

Raspbian has been the standard Raspberry Pi operating system, more commonly referred to as a “distro”,  since the Pi arrived in 2012 and we have seen it grow over time into the capable distro that we use today. Raspbian is a fork of the massively popular Debian distribution and it is jointly maintained by the Raspberry Pi Foundation and the community.

 

Being based on Debian, Raspbian comes with the APT (Advanced Packaging Tool) as it’s package manager, which is used to install software from the vast Raspbian repositories, but Raspbian also comes with raspi-config, a menu based tool that simplifies the act of managing Raspberry Pi configurations such as setting up an SSH, overclocking and enabling the official Raspberry Pi camera.

 

Since December 2014 the Raspbian desktop has received a notable improvement to it’s user interface thanks to the hard work of Simon Long. Moving away from the cluttered LXDE menu system we now have a simplified and refined interface that groups applications and configuration tools into clearer categories. As Raspbian is the default distro for Raspberry Pi it is also the distro that sees the most improvement and innovations examples of this are the RPi.GPIO library that enables Python to talk to the GPIO (General Purpose Input Output) pins, Minecraft the popular survival / sandbox game that has seen a massive investment of time from the community to enable a Python API for programming the game world. Lastly we have Sonic Pi the Ruby powered music creation application that has risen in popularity thanks to the efforts of Sam Aaron.

 

With the release of the Raspberry Pi 2 we have seen Raspbian receive the speed boost that it always needed, by no means was it a slouch on the original Raspberry Pi, but the addition of more RAM and better CPU has enabled it to become a usable desktop distro that can easily be used as a main machine.

 

Raspbian has improved since it was first released in 2012 and with each new release we see more refinements added to it, no wonder the majority of projects around the world are based upon this distro. It is a rock solid development base that runs well on the original Raspberry Pi but screams ahead on the new Raspberry Pi 2 specification.

 

If you are taking your first steps with the Raspberry Pi or need a solid and dependable basis for a project, Raspbian has to be your first choice. No other Raspberry Pi distro can compete with it’s stability, range of projects nor it’s supportive community. Hence why Raspbian is the official distro for the Raspberry Pi and is supported by a series of projects available via the Raspberry Pi Foundation’s learning resources.

 

 

Ubuntu MATE

Ubuntu finally makes it’s onto the Raspberry Pi but will it claim the top spot?


Download Link

 

17539054866_8f0108f47a_h_d.jpg

 

In the early days of the Raspberry Pi many questioned the choice of Raspbian over Ubuntu. At that time Canonical had stopped supporting the ARM11 CPU that powered the Raspberry Pi and this spelt the end of any possible Ubuntu releases. We now fast forward to the Raspberry Pi 2 release and it’s ARM7 CPU which is now compatible with Ubuntu to try out Ubuntu MATE. Ubuntu MATE can be downloaded via the Raspberry Pi Foundation downloads page and copied to your SD card using dd or another image writing tool. On first boot you will be asked to configure the system and create a user account. Once complete and quick reboot will present a graphical login screen and once logged in you will see the desktop, but not the Unity desktop, rather you will see the MATE desktop, which is a lightweight desktop based upon the GNOME 2 desktop environment . Unity is the default desktop for Ubuntu but it is too heavy even for the new Raspberry Pi 2 specification. MATE is a rather light and full featured desktop.

 

Ubuntu comes with a few applications installed, such as LibreOffice, but you will need to install a few more applications to make the most of it, you can do this using the Software Center or by dropping into a terminal and running apt-get. Ubuntu MATE feels very slick and using a class 6 or 10 SD card will help speed up the operating system.

 

At the time of writing this version of Ubuntu does not have access to the Raspbian repositories, meaning that RPi.GPIO, the library needed to use the GPIO pins, is not available for use. But as Ubuntu for Raspberry Pi 2 is still in heavy development by the community it is just a matter of time before it is successfully ported across along with other favourites such as raspi-config.

 

The version of Ubuntu used in this review was based upon Ubuntu 15.04 which has just been released. At the time of writing there is another version of Ubuntu for Pi 2 based on the 14.04 image. This version does not come with a desktop so will require installation of LXDE, KDE or another lightweight window manager.

 

Using Ubuntu is a joy, it is swift and smooth enough to be used as a desktop computer. The current lack of “Raspbian” features is not a major issue due to the community interest of integrating them into Ubuntu. A good distro for general use but not one for the makers amongst us, yet.

 

 

Fedora

Fedora is one of the big names in the Linux world, but is it ready for the Raspberry Pi?


Download Link

16305641194_688d81c2f0_b_d.jpg

 

Back before the Raspberry Pi was released to an eager public, there were a number of videos and blog posts that showcased the Pi running Fedora. It turned out that at the time Fedora was too much for the original specification, but with the recent release of the Raspberry Pi 2 the rules have changed.

 

We’re looking at the Fedora 21 remix and chose to run the LXDE window manager. Installation was relatively painless requiring us to copy the raw image to a blank 8GB micro SD card, the image is created for 8GB and above cards only. Upon first boot we were presented with a config screen which enabled us to setup the root password and create a user account for general use. Once created we are asked to login to the desktop via a pleasant login screen. Once logged in we see a typical LXDE desktop environment,  an uncluttered and functional desktop with the main menu in the bottom left of the screen. Fedora comes with a few applications installed, such as Abiword for word processing, Gnumeric for spreadsheets and the file manager PCmanFM.

 

To test Fedora we installed a few essential applications via the terminal and the yum package manager. Firstly we installed Libreoffice, weighing in at 275MB it installed quickly and when we launched the Writer application it opened in less than 15 seconds and was very usable with no lag experienced. The same was true for installing Firefox which provided a better browsing experience thanks to it’s ARM7 optimisations.

 

The only application we tested that felt sluggish was GIMP, but it is quite a beast of an application that gobbles up RAM and CPU cycles. Multitasking was possible and we had Firefox, GIMP and Libreoffice open with the terminal program “scrot” capturing images in the background. We’re pleased to say that Fedora also has the RPi.GPIO Python library in it’s repositories which means that you can easily build GPIO powered projects using this distro, but the library is only for Python 2.7 with no Python 3 version in the repositories.

 

Fedora handled our hardware quite well, we used the official Raspberry Pi Wifi dongle to connect to the Internet and it required no extra configuration steps, unlike Ubuntu which required a hack of the wpa_supplicants.conf file.

 

Fedora is a slick and very usable distro and we enjoyed the experience of moving away from a Debian derivative distro. Fedora is competent and provides a good user experience and could quite easily be used as desktop distro for general purpose work. The Python GPIO library is a nice addition but it really needs to be updated for Python 3 inline with the Foundation’s learning resources.

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Top Comments

  • Former Member
    Former Member over 9 years ago in reply to Eyedoll +5
    I have seen the birth and growth of M$. That's how long I have been playing with computers. Starting around 1979 when Bill Gates ported CP/M-86 to IBM's new PC creation which was the start of Microsoft…
  • Eyedoll
    Eyedoll over 9 years ago in reply to Robert Peter Oakes +4
    You're right about the cost difference between MS products and Linux. The cost of something is important for someone who is experimenting and also for someone who is implementing in large scale. So yes…
  • clem57
    clem57 over 9 years ago in reply to Robert Peter Oakes +3
    I just got it!
  • localhost85
    localhost85 over 7 years ago

    Raspbian just works so well with the Pi, so that's where my vote goes. However, Ubuntu is a close second and I think with some further optimization it would be fantastic. I guess it also depends on what you're doing with it.

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  • borihao
    borihao over 7 years ago

    I'm using UbuntuMate in a combination with a kaaiot platform (for device connectivity). The only one problem is that sometimes I need to restart my PI. My friends are sure that this is because of the 'heavy' ubuntu for the raspberry, can it be the reason?

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  • Robert Peter Oakes
    Robert Peter Oakes over 9 years ago in reply to Former Member

    Pre-compiled Pre-Existing apps will not work on the PI version of Windows IoT, the CPU is different and therefor the compiled code will not run

     

    If the source is available and in say C# or the intermediate code then that's a different story and there is a chance it could be made to work, Windows 10 IoT is not a desktop app host, it is an Appliance App Host and has limitations.

     

    I would imaging there is a good chance that Linux versions of the HAM apps are a plenty and would just need compiling using the Arm based compiler for the PI

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  • Former Member
    Former Member over 9 years ago

    Very interested in  Raspberry Pi 2  (and later) in conjunction with HAM RADIO.   most apps are now written for  windows (sadly)

    but I am starting a movement to port or create ham radio apps for  raspbian or others  that can run on Pi.   i do understand  I0T

    exists and i am curious if any ham radio operator has tried running  existing ham radio apps (that only work on windows) on I0T?

    That is actually on my project list but for now... just getting software and hardware written and developed for the Pi and Linux.

     

    for all those who do not know about  ham radio - we are a hardware driven group please check   www.arrl.org for more ham radio information..  many of the apps and devices we use must interact with the radios and hardware devices we use.  so please keep that in mind.   we do understand Linux  (X-windows) apps are not that popular with developers but there always modules and functions which have already been written. so please use what is already out there.

     

    there are millions of ham radio operators all around the world.

     

    Raspberry Pi's are the way to go....

     

    33, 73

    arm-developer; arm-developer

    softwarevariations

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  • Eyedoll
    Eyedoll over 9 years ago in reply to Former Member

    I am in full agreement with you in this.  The reasons you have explained here, in addition to my previously stipulated ones is why I prefer Linux over any other OS.  I also began my work on computers in the '80s but I didn't touch a PC until the '90s.  Thank you for your statements. image

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  • Former Member
    Former Member over 9 years ago in reply to Eyedoll

    I have seen the birth and growth of M$. That's how long I have been playing with computers. Starting around 1979 when Bill Gates ported CP/M-86 to IBM's new PC creation which was the start of Microsoft, I've seen M$ grow into what is today, an arrogant, Greedy, Bullying Mega-Corporation. I watched them go after and destroy a new upcoming and very promising Linux based company named Lindows. M$ saw the new competition and started burying them in a pile of lawsuits around the world over their company's copy-write of "Windows". This is a generic and widely used term that M$ took in front of 3 different judges before M$ finally got their copy-write. The U.S. courts threw out their claim against the name "Lindows"  but M$ finally got a European court to accept the lawsuit.

     

    Do you remember when M$ tried to do this same thing to the Linux World Community by appropriating a company called Caldera because they held the patent on the original AT&T Unix which originated from the collaboration at U.C.Berkeley between the government and Bell Labs? Their claim was that there was proprietary code embedded in the Linux Kernel? Thanks RedHat, SUSE, and IBM for pooling together to create a $2 Million Dollar defense fund that backed the Bulldog off. Yes, I am prejudiced against M$ because I don't like bullies. I didn't like them growing up as a physically challenged kid and I don't like them now. But this is not why I don't care for Windows.

     

    Remember when Apple first created the Macintosh, designed after the multitasking, Windowing Graphical OS that was developed for Xerox's systems, and when M$ in order to compete, developed what they called the Windows OS, and when Apple tried to sue M$ for patent infringement on a concept that they borrowed from Xerox? I believe that this is where M$ decided that the practice of burying competition in a sea of costly litigations was an acceptable practice.

     

    The reason I migrated to Linux before the turn of the Millennium was the fact that Windows was getting too bloated with their own in house architecture, file structure, and the introduction of the Registry that was to replace the use of dot INI files that now has in itself become bloated and way to cryptic. There is no need for such balderdash. Before Linux, Unix was just an experiment coming out of Cal-State Berkeley and subsidized by the government. When I discovered Linux and played with it and got used to the file structure, I began to realize how great it was, an OS that managed to keep everything running well and very organized by enshrining everything in the file structure. No wonder that I can set up a server with CentOS and it just keeps running for years without having to reboot it every once in a while like you do with a M$ OS. This brings to mind, when I was working in broadcasting and the new digital age started to make it's way into our engineering systems, the new digital automation systems, and on air product servers were all based in a Windows Operating System. Although it seams that M$ is a lot more stable than it used to be, when something hiccuped or locked up completely, it was accepted practice to just reboot the server to get it back on line. To me, this is not acceptable in a mission critical environment. When I was with KCOP in Los Angeles, a Chris-Craft TV station, we had an old Unix type automation system. While working on it one day, I had to take it off line. I took a look at it's logs and I saw that it had been running for more than a year without any problems. If there was a problem with the software running on the system, you just restarted the troubled program without disturbing anything else running in the same server. This is also true with Linux. I don't think that M$ can boast of this. I run 2 servers out on the Internet. One is in St. Louis, and the other is in Canada. They both run CentOS-6 and I never have to reboot. If a process is miss-behaving, I just kill the process and restart it, no rebooting necessary.

     

    My final thought on why M$ is still wielding the lion's share of the OS market is not whether any one OS is better than another, but just because they were first in the OS business for the emerging IBM PC and because all the popular software is written to run in Windows. The self-perpetuating cycle of Windows being the preferred OS to Write for that attracts the hardware manufacturers to offer their computers with Windows, and therefore because all computers on the market are running Windows, makes Windows the primary environment that software has to run with in order to sell that software. As far as software that is written to run in the corporate environment, it must run with Windows because of the Corporate paranoia that exists about committing to the unknown. To them. Linux is an unknown environment and they are familiar with M$. Corporations also believe in the great myth that a proprietary OS is better supported because of the company standing by it rather than an Open Source OS that has a whole world of support by true professionals (not hobbyists) that work with these Operating Systems because they love it and not just for the money. There is a corporate mentality also in play that if you throw enough money at a problem it will go away. I have seen this in my field. The corporate greed of not wanting to commit to a descent employee's wage is thrown out the window when it comes to paying a contractor inflated fees to fix a problem. Price is no problem when it comes to getting production back up and running. M$ is more than glad to take their money for support but it is you and I as consumers that ultimately pay for M$'s support in the prices charged for their products.

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  • mcb1
    mcb1 over 9 years ago in reply to Robert Peter Oakes

    Having to reboot every week

    For what it's worth, the word from our IT department when asked a similar question is that XP would be monthly, but Win7/8 greater then 1 year.

    We have a number of machines that provide varying tasks (rather than a desktop machine), and we were looking to trigger an alarm when the uptime exceeded xxx hrs.

     

    Now that's assumming the drivers and programs all play by the rules .... something that sadly doesn't always happen.

     

     

    Preference is the key word, and also fit for purpose is another.

    This is the same debate of PC v Mac.

     

    Mark

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  • Robert Peter Oakes
    Robert Peter Oakes over 9 years ago in reply to Eyedoll

    Hi Ramon

     

    Well done, You have this time articulated yourself excelently, explaining why you prefer Linux over Windows and many of your points are very valid. One thing that stands out well is your statement saying your "Prefer" Linux. That is the magic word to me as it is all about preference.

     

    I do not agree with all you points though (And thats OK), for instance...

    Having to reboot every week, this is just not true, I have several windows machines tht have not been re-booted for months, and as you said with Linux even, rebooting when updates are installed is common to both, 3rd party Drivers and other factors outside of potentially MS control could be the reason for some systems needing this "Scheduled Reboot"

    Windows SWAP file can be turned off and I have in the past done this on machines where enough memory is available for the sulution to run. Like Linux it is recomended to have one but NOT manditory, SWAP file / Page file has a very valid and useful purpose, but really only comes into its own if you have many processes / programs running at the same time but where some may be idle for extended periods of time (+ a bunch of other reasons) and allows the OS to move the process out of RAM into the swap file and make the freed RAM available to another process, slower caching is also another usefull purpose for swap files and page files but thats a whole other conversation

     

    so, your first response re Windows was very "Extreme and Relegious" and simply inplied a potentially un informed dislike for the company and its products, your second response comes across well informed with practical experiance and resulting in your preference to use Linux, this to me says that IF the reason is there you may choose an MS product, but the reason would need to be a good one

     

    Thanks for taking the time to re-express your reasoning, I appreciate it as will many others who may still be trying to figure what their preference would be.

     

    For me my preference depends on the solution I am putting together and how much time I have. For instance I have receintly worked on Major Heath Care related project (I was one of the senior architects) worth about $30M and this was 90+% Redhat Linux based with a few Windows machines due to product constraints in a few areas and it was a great solution, at home I regularly switch between Linux, Windows, OSX or other embeded systems based on what I am wanting to get across to my viewers on my YouTube Channel ( https://www.youtube.com/c/thebreadboardca ). But dues to my skill set and what I have been primaraly required to work with most of my computer life, My Skills are best with Windows so this often becomes my preferenec where I have a choice

     

    Peter

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  • Eyedoll
    Eyedoll over 9 years ago in reply to Robert Peter Oakes

    You're right about the cost difference between MS products and Linux.  The cost of something is important for someone who is experimenting and also for someone who is implementing in large scale.  So yes, one reason I prefer Linux over Windows is the cost.  However, that is not the only reason.  It is recommended that you reboot a windows computer a minimum of once a week, if you don't, you're bound to have trouble.  Linux doesn't have that frequent reboot requirement, it will keep working correctly for months without a restart.  Of course, you still need to reboot in order to apply kernel upgrades and such things.  In my experience, Linux has always been more reliable and stable than Windows and like you said, it uses less resources.  But it doesn't stop at using less resources, it also uses the available resources in a more efficient way.  Windows REQUIRES you to have a swap file and it will immediately start using it after boot.  You can run Linux without a swap file/partition, though it's not recommended, and when it has one, it won't use it until it needs to.

    Another of my concerns with Windows is privacy.  Out of the box, Windows sends all kinds of information about you to microsoft, look it up, there are tools to REDUCE the amount of information your Windows machine shares with MS but without some major hacking (which may violate your MS EULA) you can't get rid of everything.  Linux, on the other hand does no such thing.  I have used MS-DOS from 5.0 to 6.22 and Windows 3.0, 3.1, 3.11 (Windows for workgroups), 95, 98, NT4.0, 2000, Server 2003, XP, Vista, 7 and 8.  So I have plenty of experience with MS products.  I have also used several versions of Unix, Linux and Android as well as CP/M and CBM BASIC (Way back in the '80s).  Through all that, Linux is my operating system of choice, more specifically, Ubuntu Linux 14.04.3 LTS without Unity but with LXDE instead.  I hope this answers your questions.

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  • Robert Peter Oakes
    Robert Peter Oakes over 9 years ago in reply to clem57

    Oh I sooooo want one

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