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Forum 设计更高能效、极低EMI准谐振适配器
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设计更高能效、极低EMI准谐振适配器

YYD
YYD over 14 years ago

准方波谐振转换器也称准谐振(QR)转换器,广泛用于电源适配器。准方波谐振的关键特征是金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管(MOSFET)在漏极至源极电压(VDS)达到其最低值时导通,从而减小开关损耗及改善电磁干扰(EMI)信号。
自振荡准谐振转换器在负载下降时,开关频率上升;这样,在轻载条件下,如果未限制开关频率,损耗会较高,影响电源能效;故必须限制开关频率。
限制开关频率的方法有两种。第一种是传统准谐振转换器所使用的带频率反走的频率钳位方法,即通过频率钳位来限制开关频率。但在轻载条件下,系统开关频率达到频率钳位限制值时,出现多个处于可听噪声范围的谷底跳频,导致信号不稳定。
为了解决这个问题,就出现第二种方法,也就是谷底锁定,即在负载下降时,在某个谷底保持锁定,直到输出功率大幅下降,然后改变谷底。输出功率降低到某个值时,进入压控振荡器(VCO)模式,参见图1。具体而言,反馈(FB)比较器会选定谷底,并将信息传递给计数器,FB 比较器的磁滞特性就锁定谷底。
这种方法在系统负载降低时,提供自然的开关频率限制,不会出现谷底跳频噪声,且不降低能效。

图1:谷底锁定方法示意图
(本文转自电子工程世界:http://www.eeworld.com.cn/gykz/2011/0218/article_4828.html)

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