The tight cost and implementation constraints of high-volume products, including secure RFID tags and smart cards, require specialized cryptographic implementations. The authors review recent developments in this area for symmetric and asymmetric ciphers, targeting embedded hardware and software
Reference:
A survey of lightweight-cryptography implementations
http://www.ei.rub.de/media/crypto/veroeffentlichungen/2010/08/08/lwc_survey_ieee_dtco2007.pdf
Lightweight cryptography (LWC) is a cryptographic algorithm or protocol tailored for implementation in constrained environments including RFID tags, sensors, contactless smart cards, health-care devices,Internet of Things (IoT) and so on.
Reference: Lightweight Cryptography for the Internet of Things -Masanobu Katagi and Shiho Moriai-Sony Corporation
( by mr.osint: as a technical point of view "Lightweight" word means the cryptographic algorithm has smaller ciphertext than the others, for example
1)Using an ECDSA 256-bit key provides better security than RSA 2048, which significantly reduces the amount of data that needs to be transmitted between peers during the key exchange process of protocols like TLS, DTLS and IKE. This bandwidth savings is desirable for IoT devices or other end-entities that need to minimize bandwidth consumption over radio interfaces.
Reference: Provisioning X.509 Certificates Using RFC 7030- SEPTEMBER 2014 | ISSUE 245 | www.linuxjournal.com ,
2)This allows ECC to achieve the same level of security with smaller key sizes and higher computational efficiency; ECC-160 provides comparable security to RSA 1024 and ECC-224 provides comparable security to RSA-2048 ... We plan to continue our work on small devices towards a complete lightweight implementation of the security protocol SSL/TLS.
Reference: Comparing Elliptic Curve Cryptography and RSA on 8-bit CPUs - Nils Gura, Arun Patel .... Sun Microsystems Laboratories
https://www.iacr.org/archive/ches2004/31560117/31560117.pdf
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