Blog

  • Internet of Things

    Internet of Things

    nwieland
    The rapid expansion of IoT technology has been matched by an increased focus on securing these devices against cyber threats. Recent years have witnessed the maturation of the IoT regulatory environment, with lawmakers focusing on two primary objectives:
  • Internet of Things

    Internet of Things

    nwieland
    Designing an IoT solution brings with it a number of challenges. Being multifaceted, IoT applications demand a lot of competence from hardware design to UI development. Under such circumstances, it is rudent to take a modular approach. This means breaking down the architecture into functionally independent blocks. Integrating our sensors enables you to monitor the environment accurately. Our radio modules nsure secure…
  • Elements of an Internet of Things System

    Elements of an Internet of Things System

    nwieland
    An end-to-end IoT solution consists of the following components: Sensors and actuators: This is a part of the system that directly interfaces with the physical environment. Sensors measure the state of the environment and interpret the same as digital data. On the other hand, actuators activate a physical change in the measured environment. Advances in the field of electronics in general and
  • Internet of Things Fundamentals

    Internet of Things Fundamentals

    nwieland
    The Internet of Things (IoT) can be broadly defined as an umbrella term for a range of technologies that enable devices to connect and interact with each other. Interacting devices and the data they generate, provide for a range of new applications. Industrial automation, healthcare, home automation, smart cities, smart grids and smart farming are some of the areas in which IoT provides substantial benefits
  • Combined modules

    Combined modules

    nwieland
    Why combined modules? The combined modules from Würth Elektronik offer a combination of various protocols in just one module.
  • Long-range-WAN

    Long-range-WAN

    nwieland
    Long-Range-WAN Architecture A Long-Range-WAN-enabled end device is wirelessly connected to a long-range-WAN through radio gateways.
  • User application industrial IoT

    User application industrial IoT

    nwieland
    The manufacturing industry has started seeing a growing need for monitoring the condition of their assets and to perform predictive maintenance if needed. The challenge is that smart industries require an industrial IoT connectivity solution, a self-healing mesh network that can handle a demanding radio environment.
  • Long-range-WAN

    Long-range-WAN

    nwieland
    Long-Range and Long-Range-WAN Overview Long-Range is the physical (PHY) layer, the wireless modulation used to create the long-range communication link. LoRa®︎ is created by Semtech. The name, LoRa®︎, is a reference ...
  • ANP123 | Long and Short Term Voltage Dependence of Ferroelectric Class 2 MLCCs

    ANP123 | Long and Short Term Voltage Dependence of Ferroelectric Class 2 MLCCs

    nwieland
    We review the physical background of the voltage-dependent capacitance of class 2 Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors (MLCC) and present models for this dependency. Two processes can be distinguished, leading to an immediate as well as a longterm capacitance dependence on dc voltage. Both processes are related to the ferroelectric properties of class 2 aterials. The immediate process is related to the dipole reorientation within…
  • SN023 | Conducted emissions test

    SN023 | Conducted emissions test

    nwieland
    This support note deals with conducted emission testing in accordance with CISPR 16-2-1, focusing on the test setup and the resulting loop impedances. The aim of the EMC test standards is to reproduce interference mechanisms in a reproducible manner, whereby the realistic reproduction of phenomena is often neglected in favor of reproducibility. A detailed understanding of the test setups is necessary in order to be able…
  • Current sensors

    Current sensors

    nwieland
    Current Transformers (CTs) operate on the principle of inductive coupling, where the primary current induces a magnetic field in the core, which in turn induces a current in the secondary winding proportional to the primary current. Due to their design and construction, CTs are typically bulky in size. They are primarily designed for measuring alternating current (AC) and are not suitable for direct current (DC) measurements…
  • Pressure sensors

    Pressure sensors

    nwieland
    A MEMS pressure sensor is based on a thin membrane. Typically two principles are used. The first principle is based on a change in resistance of integrated resistors caused by the deflection of the membrane. The second principle is based on a capacitive effect: a counter electrode is located below the membrane and based on the deflection of the membrane, the distance and thus the capacitance is changed. WSEN-PADS and…
  • Environmental sensors

    Environmental sensors

    nwieland
    Ever wondered what's truly happening in your environment? Go beyond the surface with environmental sensors, your window into the invisible world around you. These cutting-edge devices act as your eyes and ears, measuring and recording crucial environmental data. Temperature and Humidity are one of the most measured entities in the environment. Introducing our Environmental Sensor Family, a comprehensive solution that…
  • Motion sensors

    Motion sensors

    nwieland
    Motion sensors play a crucial role in modern technology, enabling a wide range of applications across various industries. These sensors are designed to measure and detect changes in motion, providing essential data for navigation, orientation, and control systems. The primary types of motion sensors include accelerometers and gyroscopes, which collectively contribute to a device's ability to understand and respond to…
  • ANP117 | Impact of output capacitor on feedback loop stability of a power supply

    ANP117 | Impact of output capacitor on feedback loop stability of a power supply

    nwieland
    A switching power supply requires one or more capacitors across the output voltage rail. Their main purpose is to provide a low-impedance path to filter out the AC current ripple at the converter switching frequency and any high-frequency noise, resulting in a ‘clean’ DC voltage to supply the load. In addition to this, they also act as an energy reservoir. In the case of a sudden change in the load current demand, the…
  • Discover the world of sensors

    Discover the world of sensors

    nwieland
    What is a sensor component? A system that measures a physical dimension and transfers into an electrical signal. Sensors are basically analog with infinite resolution, but data to and from the cloud is transferred digital. Analog sensor values must therefore be digitized. Conversion can be done in external AD converters when using an analog sensor cell or the conversion can be all done internally, within the sensor system…
  • ANP129 | Inductive SMT Components in Comparison – the Wire Makes the Difference

    ANP129 | Inductive SMT Components in Comparison – the Wire Makes the Difference

    nwieland
    This application note concisely shows the differences between three different inductive SMT components – the ceramic inductor (air coil), the SMT ferrite and the wire-wound ferrite inductor. Electrical parameters are compared and their differences explained. Applications to illustrate how the components can be used to the best performance and how physically induced parasitic parameters can be used advantageously in circuit…
  • ANP015 | 1-Phase Line Filter Design

    ANP015 | 1-Phase Line Filter Design

    nwieland
    The aim of this application note is to provide the reader with a comprehensive overview of the steps necessary toward a suitably dimensioned line filter whose format is as compact as possible. A discrete single-stage line filter is compared here with a discrete two-stage line filter by means of calculation, simulation and measurement. The different core materials of the common mode chokes and their properties are then…
  • ANP125 | Acoustic Effect of Harmonic Distortions caused by Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

    ANP125 | Acoustic Effect of Harmonic Distortions caused by Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

    nwieland
    This note reports a comparative study of total harmonic distortions (THD) caused by commercial electrolytic capacitors, as produced by Würth Elektronik eiSos as well as purpose-built items. The discussion about the audibility of distortions is made on the basis of human sound perception. This note arrives at the conclusion that capacitors do not add significant distortions to fundamental frequencies as they transfer signals…
  • ANP126 | Voltage specification for molded inductors

    ANP126 | Voltage specification for molded inductors

    nwieland
    Inductors play a decisive role influencing the current rise in electrical circuits. In this process, the current resulting from the applied voltage induces a magnetic field, which opposes the current thus creating a controlled increase and can be limited as required. Therefore, when selecting the right inductor for an application, the inductance value and the maximum current rating needs to be considered, as they play…
  • ANP124 | Capacitive Power Supplies: Selecting the Input Capacitor

    ANP124 | Capacitive Power Supplies: Selecting the Input Capacitor

    nwieland
    The technical issues presented in this document are purely academic and are not intended to be implemented as a finished circuit in hardware. Furthermore, legal requirements for circuits that are supplied/operated with mains voltage have been disregarded in the considerations and conclusions
  • ANO009 | Understanding parameters in ICLED datasheets

    ANO009 | Understanding parameters in ICLED datasheets

    nwieland
    ICLEDs, also referred to as addressable LEDs or smart LEDs, are light-emitting diodes (LEDs) that incorporate an integrated circuit (IC) within their design (as seen on Figure 1). This device, by means of pulse width modulation (PWM), enables individual control of the red, green, and blue chips in the package. Thus, granting fine and precise control for color mixing solutions.
  • ANP128 | Introduction to Thermal Aging in Molded Power Inductors

    ANP128 | Introduction to Thermal Aging in Molded Power Inductors

    nwieland
    The constant market demand to increase power density and efficiency, as well as making the power supply electronics smaller, has pushed each element inside the system to its limits. Moreover, greater power requirements and miniaturization expose passive electronic components to higher and higher temperatures, increasing the probability of the thermal aging. This is a representative phenomenon that can be found in molded…
  • Challenges and advantages of high-bandwidth uncompressed video connectivity for medical diagnostic equipment

    Challenges and advantages of high-bandwidth uncompressed video connectivity for medical diagnostic equipment

    nwieland
    The technological overhaul taking place in hospitals and medical centers is undoubtedly improving medical procedures. Doctors and health professionals benefit from operating with the highest possible video image quality for the most accurate representation of patients’ conditions. With the advent of medical-grade visualization systems, procedural workflows improve, and high-quality, zero latency uncompressed video images…
  • RADIO MODULES: CERTIFICATION & CONFORMITY

    RADIO MODULES: CERTIFICATION & CONFORMITY

    nwieland
    Which Certification Rules apply where? A product that is to be launched globally must meet the certification or conformity criteria of each country it is to be marketed in.